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Offshore Wind Resources in the Southeast

Offshore Wind Resources in the Southeast. Bill Bulpitt, Susan Stewart, & Mary Hunt Georgia Tech Strategic Energy Initiative The Southeast & Mid-Atlantic Regional Wind Summit September 19-20, 2005. Introduction.

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Offshore Wind Resources in the Southeast

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  1. Offshore Wind Resources in the Southeast Bill Bulpitt, Susan Stewart, & Mary Hunt Georgia Tech Strategic Energy Initiative The Southeast & Mid-Atlantic Regional Wind Summit September 19-20, 2005

  2. Introduction • Feasibility study carried out on offshore wind energy potential in coastal Georgia • Funded by NSF PFI grant: InfinitEnergy, A Coastal Georgia Partnership for Innovation

  3. Current Study • South Atlantic Bight • 6 years of highly creditable wind data • 50 m above ocean surface

  4. SE Continental Shelf • 80 miles wide • < 50 m deep • Conventional foundation technology • <20-30 m • Plenty of shallow water over horizon

  5. 40 miles offshore 50m above ocean surface 27m water depth 6 Minute Interval Data from 6/1999- present Wind Speed @ 50m Min, Max & Deviation Wind Direction @ 50m Deviation Wind Data Details Navy/Skidaway Instrumentation Platforms

  6. Annual Wind Speed Distribution (Year 2000)

  7. Wind Power Classifications P/A=1/2rV3

  8. 6 Year Data Averages

  9. Monthly Average Wind Speed Over 6 Year Period

  10. Monthly Average Wind Power Density Over 6 Year Period

  11. 6 Year Averaged Power Density and Frequency as a Function of Radial Direction(axis indicates % of time (for frequency) and % of total power (for power density))

  12. 3.6 MW Hub height: ~70m-100m Rotor Diam.: 104m Swept Area: 8495m2 3.5-27 m/s Nominal wind speed: 14m/s 2.0 MW Hub height: 80m Rotor Diam: 90m Swept Area: 6362 m2 3.5-25 m/s Nominal wind speed: 11.5 m/s Sample Wind Turbine Specifications

  13. Changes in Hub Height • Logarithmic Law for adjustment to hub height, z: • roughness length, l = 0.0002 m (open water)

  14. Wind Power Curves

  15. Average kWh/year

  16. Capacity Factors • Turbine A (3.6 MW) • 28.6% • Turbine B (2.0 MW) • 38.2%

  17. Estimated Cost of Energy

  18. Conclusion • Study concludes that offshore wind energy in the Southeast warrants further study • Resource more significant than early reports • Could generate economically competitive electricity

  19. U.S. Offshore Wind Power Jurisdictional, Regulatory & Permitting Issues

  20. Jurisdictional Issues • Local Waters (impact on coastal lands and/or waterways) • State Waters - coastline to three miles • Federal Waters - three miles to 12 miles • Exclusive Economic Zone – to 200 miles

  21. (cont.) Jurisdictional Issues • No existing wind power generation facilities exist in U.S. coastal waters • Jurisdictional authority was recently granted to the Minerals Management Services (MMS) to oversee/regulate national policy for offshore wind developments • The USACE will remain the agency responsible for permitting offshore wind structures in U.S. coastal waters (based on Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act)

  22. Regulatory Issues • Key Factors Determining the Full Range of Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Project size and location • Landfall grid connection location • Jurisdictional boundaries of the ocean (state/federal) • Competing ocean uses around the project footprint • Protected, historic or sensitive areas - both in the ocean and on coastal lands

  23. Permitting and Policy Issues • Primary objective of permit is public involvement • Section 10 of the RHA provides for permit authority • Permit Application Initiates • Public hearings • NEPA review – may trigger either • Environmental Assessment (EA) which may result in a FONSI or Finding of No Significant Impact • Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

  24. Tybee Island Substation

  25. Comments on Tybee Island • Geographic Characteristics • Commercial and residential area • School nearby • Substation Characteristics • Needs to be upgraded • Large footprint • Landfall Options • Distance to ocean: 500 yards (go through residential and commercial area and sand dune restoration area to get to ocean)

  26. Viewshed – Robert Moses Park

  27. ~ 0.5 nautical miles from shore

  28. ~ 7.0 nautical miles from shore

  29. Horns Rev Country: DenmarkLocation: West CoastTotal Capacity: 160 MWNumber of Turbines: 80Distance to Shore: 14-20 kmDepth: 6-12 mCapital Costs: 270 million EuroStatus: Operational Construction Date: 2002 Manufacturer: VestasTotal Capacity: 2 MWTurbine-type: V80 - 80m diameter / 70m hubheightMean Windspeed: 9.7 m/sAnnual Energy output: 600 GWhWindfarm Developer: Elsam http://www.hornsrev.dk/Engelsk/default_ie.htm

  30. Scroby Sands Country: United KingdomLocation: East Anglian Coast, 3km east of Great YarmouthTotal Capacity: 60 MWNumber of Turbines: 30Distance to Shore: 2.5 kmDepth: 4-8 mCapital Costs: about 110 million EuroStatus: BuiltConstruction Date: 2003Manufacturer: VestasTotal Capacity: 2 MWTurbine-type: V80 - 80m diameter/ 60m hubheightMean Windspeed: 7.5 m/s Annual Energy output: Windfarm Developer: E.ON UK

  31. Arklow Bank Site Details • 60 km south of Dublin • 7 - 12 km from coast • 24 km long2.5 km wide Arklow

  32. Arklow Project Statistics • Turbines 3.6MW x 7 • Dept of piles 35-45m • Weight of piles 280tonne (5m diameter) • Weight of turbines 290tonne • Blades 50.5m, 15tonne each • Nacelle/Hub height 73.5M • Rotational speed 8.5 – 15 rpm • Distance offshore 10km • Onshore cable 5km • Voltage 38kV distribution connected • Rotor diameter 104m > soccer pitch area • 25MW serves 16,000 households (Irish) • Sandbank 24 miles long & 2.5 wide, depths 3 -20 m • Largest commercially operating turbines installed to date • Largest consented offshore site todate Source: McAdam

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