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Figure and Landscape Drawing: Techniques and Proportions

Learn to draw the human figure using basic shapes and understand foreshortening. Explore composition and create the illusion of space in landscape drawing. Develop skills in rendering textures and capturing the gesture of poses.

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Figure and Landscape Drawing: Techniques and Proportions

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  1. Chapter 13Beyond Still Life

  2. Objectives (1 of 2) • Understand the basic shapes that underlie the human figure. • Describe the proportions of the ideal or average human figure. • Understand foreshortening and describe its effects on the appearance of the figure. • Learn to draw the human figure using the same techniques as for still-life drawing.

  3. Objectives (2 of 2) • Know how to frame a landscape drawing in order to choose the subject to be drawn. • Learn to sketch the basic shapes of a landscape drawing and then work quickly to fill in volume before the light changes. • Create the illusion of space in landscape drawing. • Render a variety of textures in natural objects.

  4. Figure Drawing (1 of 2) • Human form: cylinders and modified sphere • Female torso: two modified cones • Average adult figure: eight heads high • Midpoint: crotch

  5. Foreshortening: the effect of perspective on the human figure Gesture: the action or energy of the pose Figure Drawing (2 of 2)

  6. Hands and Feet • Treat fingers and toes as one shape at first. • Fingers and toes are modified cylinders. • Draw guidelines to capture the curve of the knuckles.

  7. The Head • Sphere modified into egg shape • From front: • Upright • From side • Tilted at a 45-degree angle. • Begin with ideal proportions and then modify

  8. Landscape Drawing (1 of 3) • Use a cardboard with rectangular cutout, or your hands, to frame and compose your drawing.

  9. Landscape Drawing (2 of 3) • Simplify a complex landscape into its basic shapes.

  10. Landscape Drawing (3 of 3) • Block in tones to create volume and the illusion of space. • Work quickly—the sun is moving! • Fill in texture as detail near the end.

  11. Summary (1 of 2) • Basic shapes of the human body • Cylinders, modified spheres for head and female breasts, rectangles for hands and feet • Foreshortening • Linear perspective as applied to the human body • Capture the gesture, the energy of the pose. • Hands, feet, and heads require additional practice because they are more complex than the rest of the body.

  12. Summary (2 of 2) • Frame a landscape drawing to determine composition. • In landscape drawing, use size, overlapping, placement, detail, and value contrast to suggest the illusion of space. • Work quickly in landscape drawing because the sun’s movement affects the angle of the light. • Render textures fully only in objects in the foreground.

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