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The Rise and Impact of Islam in African Civilizations: Trade, Society, and Culture

This lesson explores the transformation of African civilizations through the spread of Islam, focusing on the accomplishments of Islamic leaders and the socioeconomic dynamics they influenced. Highlights include the wealth generated through the gold and salt trade in kingdoms like Ghana, Mali, and Songhai, as well as the cultural exchanges during trade routes, exemplified by notable figures like Mansa Musa and Ibn Battuta. The discussion also addresses the role of Bantu tribes, subsistence farming, and the evolving status of women in a matrilineal society.

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The Rise and Impact of Islam in African Civilizations: Trade, Society, and Culture

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  1. Oct. 15-16 • Warm-up: Define  • Agree/Disagree • Quiz over Accomplishments of Islam • Notes/Map over Rise of African Civilizations • Video on Mansa Mansu and Ibn Battuta • Bantu • subsistence farming • matrilineal • Swahili

  2. Agree/Disagree • The first Africans to convert to Islam were the poor. • Ibn Battuta was a famous world traveler who provided a lot information about the region. • Ghana, Mali and Songhai became rich through gold and salt trade. • Mali ruler Mansa Musa rejected Islam.

  3. Rise of African Civilizations

  4. Spread of Islam • Traditional African society-tribal/clan loyalties • Caliphs bring Islam to N. Africa • Spread south and to Berber tribes in West Africa

  5. Converting to Islam • First converts of Islam were rulers of kingdoms • Valuable tool for authority • Monotheistic (polytheistic society) • Conversion slow by masses

  6. Kingdoms connected to outside world through trade and Hajj • Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca • IbnBattuta – famous world traveler. Major source of info on region • Stimulatedexpansion of trade

  7. Spread of Islam to East Africa • Due to trade in Indian Ocean • Swahili developed as new language • Combination of African dialects and Arabic

  8. Trans-Saharan gold and salt trade • Made West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali and Songhai very rich • Led to building of great learning centers (Timbuktu, Mali)

  9. Mansa Musa • Ruler of Mali, wealthiest of his day • Completed Hajj • Increased connections between Arab and West Africa and spread Islam

  10. Bantu Tribes • Subsistence farmers • Migrated across southern Africa searching for food • Spread agriculture, ironworking, language and culture • Zimbabwe: major kingdom • Prospered due to trade with Muslims

  11. Indian Ocean trade • Stretched from East African coast to Middle East, India, Indonesia • Included ivory, gold and slaves

  12. African Slave Trade • Traded slaves to Middle East • Used as soldiers, servants and laborers • Spices, silk, etc. traded back from Asia to Africa and Middle East

  13. Slavery in African societies • Resulted in war, crime or debt • Rarely lifelong • Could become member of tribe • Not hereditary

  14. Role of Women • Lost rights, especially as slave trade increased • Fear of being traded led women to stay in home • Matrilineal society • Polygamy practiced • Women-subordinate • Primary task • Have children • Increase matrilineal group • Work in fields

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