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Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills

test screen. Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills Steffen Gais, Werner Plihal, Ullrich Wagner and Jan Born nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000. “mask” screen. Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills

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Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills

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  1. test screen Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills Steffen Gais, Werner Plihal, Ullrich Wagner and Jan Born nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000

  2. “mask” screen Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills Steffen Gais, Werner Plihal, Ullrich Wagner and Jan Born nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000

  3. results. study 1 More negative values are improvements over time sleep training tested 12 hours after training training sleep tested 12 hours after training late (REM) sleep interrupted early (SWS) sleep interrupted controls trained during the night Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills Steffen Gais, Werner Plihal, Ullrich Wagner and Jan Born nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000

  4. testing procedures, study 1 “early sleep” “late sleep” “early wake” “late wake” Early sleep triggers memory for early visual discrimination skills Steffen Gais, Werner Plihal, Ullrich Wagner and Jan Born nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000

  5. testing procedures, study 2 Visual discrimination learning requires sleep after training Robert Stickgold, LaTanya James and J. Allan Hobson nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000

  6. results, study 2 Visual discrimination learning requires sleep after training Robert Stickgold, LaTanya James and J. Allan Hobson nature neuroscience • volume 3 no 12 • december 2000

  7. cephalopods and intelligence Loligo forbesii JA Pechenik (2000) Biology of the Invertebrates

  8. A, Adult cephalopod brains compared with Jerison's (1969) size classes for higher and lower vertebrate brains. upward pointing triangle Sepia; downward triangle Loligo; 1, Octopus vulgaris; 2. O. salutii; 3, O. defillipi; 4 and 5, oegopsid squids Illex and Todarodes. (Open symbols from data supplied by Mangold-Wirz.) B, Growth curves of the brain of the cuttlefish (triangle) (original), octopus (circle) (Packard & Albergoni, 1970) and various fish. (Herring, original; dogfish, Kellicolt, 1908; other fish Geiger, 1956) A. Packard (1972) Cephalopods and Fish - the limits of Convergence Biological Reviews, 47: 241-307

  9. segmented nervous systems - annelids and arthropods JA Pechenik (2000) Biology of the Invertebrates Purves et al., Life: The Science of Biology, 4th Edition, (Sinauer Associates)

  10. evolution of one half of the main animal tree the “chordates” fish, frogs, reptiles, birds, mammals Greg and Mary Beth Dimijian lancelets http://hollandlab.ucsd.edu/ intro.htm sea squirts http://www.mbl.edu/ acorn worms http://www.mbl.edu/ starfish. sea urchins... Cameron, C.B., B.J. Swalla and J.R. Garey. 2000. Evolution of the chordate body plan: New insights from phylogenetic analysis of deuterostome phyla. PNAS (USA) 97(9): 4469-4474. http://biodidac.bio. uottawa.ca/index.htm

  11. the evolution of the chordates (some features that they all share) presence of a notochord (a stiff rod, also found in sea squirts and cephalochordates) neural crest cells (cells that migrate from the nervous system during development, they participate in the development of many cell types, such as neurons, glia, cells of the adrenal and thyroid glands, pigment cells, scales, teeth and many head skeletal tissues, such as the jaw) caudal (tail) fin internal skeleton (cartilagenous and/or bone) liver, kidneys, complex circulatory system

  12. formed by "glial" cells - a neural-crest derivative Purdue Research Foundation http://biomedia.bio.purdue.edu/GenBioLM/ GBActPotl/html/neuron_structure.html

  13. jawless fishes lamprey hagfish www.bahnhof.se/~wizard/cryptoworld/nejonoga.jpg oceanlink.island.net/oinfo/hagfish/hagfish.html

  14. "skull" lamprey skull hagfish skull typical jawed fish notochord "skull" Philippe Janvier http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Craniata&contgroup=Chordata

  15. from: Harry J. Jerison (1976), Paleoneurology and the Evolution of Mind, Scientific American

  16. thanks to: Jim Moore, Anthropology, UCSD

  17. from: S.J. Gould (1977) Ontogeny and Phylogeny

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