Linux Operating System

1. Linux Operating System

2. Presentation outline • Shreejana Singh • Introduction • History • Charles Chong • Technical Features • Luis E. Solis • Why use Linux? • FUD factor

3. Presentation outlineconti… • Dina Rodriguez • Hardware Requirements • Himanshu Kathuria • Preview of the Linux Operating System • Live demonstration of the OS

4. History • Unix-like operating system, based on a kernel written by Linus Benedict Torvald • Inspired by the Minix operating system • The GNU "guh-NEW“ project started in 1983 by Richard Stallman at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology • A UNIX-compatible software system developed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF)

5. History conti… • Philosophy of GNU • To produce software that is non-proprietary • Anyone can download, modify and redistribute GNU software • The only restriction is that they cannot limit further redistribution • Given away for free. • Symbol of Linux • Linux doesn't have a formidable serious looking symbol • Rather Tux, as the penguin is lovingly called • Symbolizes the care-free attitude of the total movement

6. Historyconti… • Began work in 1991 • August 25, 1991 the historic post was sent to the MINIX news group by Linus ..... • September, 1991 - Linux version 0.01 is released • October, 1992 - The first standalone Linux installed • Dec 1993 - a stable 'beta' version (0.99 patchlevel 14) was available. • March 1994 - Version 1.0 released • First ``Linux virus'' discovered - Bliss • Today, there are an estimated 5 million Linux users worldwide Timeline 1991-2002

7. Platforms Linux been Ported • In addition to the Intel 386 • Linux has been ported to all of the following platforms: • Alpha Processor • MIPS • Motorola 68K (MAC, Atari, Amiga, etc.) • PowerPC (PowerMac, etc.) • SPARC • Sun3 • SGI (Indy) • HP PA-RISC (HP 700) • VAX • VME • ARM (Palmtops) • Intel 8086 & 80286

8. Operating System • A program that controls the execution of application programs. • And acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware • Linux is licensed under the General Public Licenses (GPL) • Ensures that the source code will always be freely available to anyone wants it.

9. Open Source/Free Software • People often think of software at no cost, has no owner, and thus no support or warranty of continuation • In reality the 'free' in free software means that the source code has been liberated and anybody may copy and compile it, but that does not exclude payment • Not Free of charge

10. Commercial Software • The opposite of OSS/FS is “closed” or “proprietary” software. • Software • source code that can be viewed • But cannot be modified and redistributed without further limitation

11. What is Linux • Kernel • Kernel Module • Benefits of using Module • Multitasking • Multi-User • Virtual Memory

12. Kernel Development • Internet OSI open system • USC Berkeley UNIX • Linux member of UNIX family • Kernel manages system hardware • Standard Kernel loads entire Kernel and base set in RAM • Linux real-time modules

13. O/S as a Resource Manager

14. Linux Modules • Speed and efficiency • Object file link/unlink to Kernel during run time • Example SCSI standard device driver • Portable written in C language

15. Single User

16. Multi-Programming with Two Programs

17. Multi-Programming with Three Programs

18. Virtual Memory • Swaps partition on hard disk • Linux swaps pages in and out of swap space as required • More physical memory than exist

19. Linux’s sponsors and contributors • Sponsors • Hewlett Packard • IBM • Intel • Contributors • Caldera Inc. • Corel Corporation • Oracle • SGI • Turbolinux Inc. • Red Hat Software

20. Linux Corporate Customers • Air New Zealand • Deutsche Telekom • 7-Eleven • Wolfermans • Wesport River Winery • Satellite Records • Jet Propulsion Laboratory • Mississippi State University • Triaton

21. Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt (FUD) • Can we trust production data to a free software program? • Free software • Linux is a Unix clone cut down to run on a PC • Why compromise just to save a few bucks? • Linux is insecure

22. Hardware Requirements • Linux hardware requirements • Limitations • Disadvantages

23. Motherboard and CPU Requirements • Does not support the Intel 286 and earlier processors. • Supports the Intel 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, etc.

24. Memory Requirements • Linux requires very little memory to run • You should have a minimum 2 MB of RAM • The more memory, the faster it will run • 8 MB is enough for personal use • 16 MB or more for a power users

25. Hard Drive Controller Requirements • You can run a minimal system completely from floppy. • You must have an AT-Standard (16-bit) controller • Rule for non-SCSI controllers

26. Hard Drive Space Requirements • A complete system requires 10-20MB of memory space • A larger system requires 100-150MB • Installing Linux on a system with so little disk space will omit useful applications • Linux as a workstation: minimum of 600 MB • Linux as a server: minimum 1.6 GB of free disk space needed

27. Monitor & Video Adaptor Requirements • Linux supports all Hercules, CGA, EGA, VGA, IBM monochrome, and super VGA video cards and monitors for the default text-based interface

28. Other Supported Hardware • CD-ROM storage • Soundboards • Pointing Devices (Mouse, trackball) • Printers

29. Linux Performance • Key factors: features and performance • It runs on a wider range of hardware platforms and run on less expensive and powerful systems. • Linux exceeds other operating systems in its multiprocessing capabilities and its support of advanced TCP/IP networking facilities

30. Linux Performance • Linux does not restrict the number of clients connected at the same time • It provides more reliable data storage than other operating systems • Linux provides advanced disk management (RAID) which makes it possible to automatically duplicate stored data on several hard drives

31. LINUX SOFTWARE (RedHat Distribution) Applications: • Word Processor • Spreadsheet • PowerPoint • Scheduler • Databases

32. Development Software • All development software is free and covered under the GNU public License • Linux systems come standard with C and C++ compilers and an assembler • BASIC, FORTRAN, LISP, Pascal, Perl, Python are standard • Open Source • Bugs are discovered and corrected almost immediately

33. Games • Large varieties of games • Recently turned their attention to producing slick, commercial 3-D games • Some common games • CHESS, GO, JEZZBALL

34. Scientific Software • TeX and LaTeX scientific typesetting packages • Scientific applications for astronomy, biology, cartography, chemistry, laboratory work, mathematics, graphics, and visualization, available. • Often used to laboratories

35. System Software • Linux supports • parallel processing • RAID • Has resources for managing • all sorts of hardware issues • power management, multi-user/multi-group systems administration, backup, and system diagnostics.

36. Utilities • Disk and file manipulation, • Terminal customization, compression, archiving, • Scripting and other small but important things that keep a home computer running at its best. • Linux has command-line and even graphic interfaces

37. Microsoft Office 2000 Standard: Microsoft Office2000 Prof: OpenOffice1.0: mostly free of cost StarOffice 6.0: $181.95 $299.99 $39.99 $69.99 COST

38. Previewing the LinuxOperating System • Switch Desktop

39. Future of Linux • Constantly on the news whether computer or business related • Difficult to install and use • Free therefore insecure (Japanese gov.) • Lack of support (IBM Red hat RHCE)

40. Q and A • What is an operating system? • What is the difference between open source and commercial proprietary software? • What is Linux? • What is a Kernel module? • What are the benefits of using modules?

41. Thank You