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Communication in Nursing

Communication in Nursing. Therapeutic vs. Nontherapeutic. Levels of Communication. Intrapersonal Interpersonal Transpersonal Small-Group Public. Basic Elements of Communication Process. Referent Sender and Receiver Message Channels Feedback. Forms of Communication Verbal.

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Communication in Nursing

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  1. Communication in Nursing Therapeutic vs. Nontherapeutic

  2. Levels of Communication • Intrapersonal • Interpersonal • Transpersonal • Small-Group • Public

  3. Basic Elements of Communication Process • Referent • Sender and Receiver • Message • Channels • Feedback

  4. Forms of CommunicationVerbal • Vocabulary • Denotative and Connotative Meaning • Pacing • Intonation • Clarity and Brevity • Timing and Relevance

  5. Forms of CommunicationNonverbal • Personal Appearance • Posture & Gait • Facial Expressions • Eye Contact • Gestures • Territoriality and Personal Space

  6. Elements of Professional Communication • Courtesy • Use of Names • Privacy and Confidentiality • Trustworthiness • Autonomy and Responsibility • Assertiveness

  7. Therapeutic Communication Techniques • Active Listening • Sharing Observations • Shared Empathy • Sharing Hope • Sharing Humor • Sharing Feelings • Use of touch

  8. Therapeutic Communication Techniques Using Silence Asking Relevant Questions Paraphrasing Clarifying Focusing Summarizing Self-Disclosure

  9. Non-Therapeutic Communication Techniques • Asking personal questions • Giving personal opinions • Changing the subject • Automatic responses • False Assurance • Sympathy • Asking for Explanations

  10. Non-Therapeutic Communication Techniques • Approval or Disapproval • Defensive Responses • Passive or Aggressive Responses • Arguing

  11. Special Needs Communication • Clients who cannot speak clearly (Aphasia, Muteness) • Clients who are cognitively impaired • Clients who are unresponsive • Language barriers • Hearing Difficulties

  12. Developmental Aspects of Communication • Infants • Toddlers & preschoolers • School age children • Adolescents

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