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History and Overview of Juvenile Courts: A Journey from Reform to Parental Responsibility Laws

Explore the evolution of juvenile courts, from 19th-century reform to contemporary parental responsibility laws and procedures. Understand the distinction between delinquent offenders and status offenders, and the role of the court in protecting neglected or abused children. Learn about the parental responsibility laws and various stages of juvenile court proceedings.

timothy-booth
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History and Overview of Juvenile Courts: A Journey from Reform to Parental Responsibility Laws

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  1. Chapter 16 Juvenile Justice

  2. History and Overview of Juvenile Courts • Mid 19th Century: reformers argued that failure of the family was the cause of delinquent behavior. • Parents failed to teach their children proper values and respect for authority. • This led to a separate court system • Parenspatriae: “parent of the country” • Idea that the court would act as the parent

  3. History and Overview of Juvenile Courts • Today’s juvenile courts: • Delinquent offenders: youths who have committed acts that would be crimes if committed by adults • Status offenders: crimes would not be if committed by adults • Running away from home, skipping school, violating curfew, etc. • Neglected or abused children: need protection from a parent or guardian.

  4. Some people believe parents should be held responsible for crimes committed by their children • Parental responsibility laws • Contributing to the delinquency of a minor: the act of an adult to aid or contribute to an illegal act by a minor

  5. Who is a Juvenile? • In most states, 18 is when you are no longer considered a juvenile • However, serious crimes can get you tried as an adult.

  6. Status Offenses • Charged with • “beyond control” • Habitually disobedient” • Truant from school

  7. Juvenile Justice Today Complete Problem 16.5 on page 194

  8. Procedures in Juvenile Court • Taking Into Custody • Can be taken into custody for a status offense • Released or detained • Intake: the informal process by which court officials or social workers decide if a juvenile should go to court. • SEE PAGE 197

  9. Procedures ctd. • Initial or Detention Hearing • Initial hearing: state must prove two things- than an offense was committed and there is reason to believe the teen committed it. • Adjudicatory Hearing • Purpose: to determine the facts of the case • Closed to the public • Dispositional Hearing • Judge decides the sentence

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