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The Muscular System

Explore the characteristics, types, and functions of muscles within the human body. Learn about muscle contraction, movement, irritability, elasticity, and extensibility. Discover the differences between skeletal, visceral, and cardiac muscle tissues, as well as common muscle disorders such as atrophy, cramps, and paralysis.

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The Muscular System

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  1. The Muscular System Chapter 20D

  2. Muscle Characteristics • Contraction • Movement • Irritability • Elasticity • Extensibility

  3. striated vs. smooth voluntary vs. involuntary

  4. Types of Muscle Tissue • Skeletal: striated, voluntary • Visceral: smooth, involuntary • Cardiac: striated, involuntary

  5. Muscle Tissue • Made up of muscle fibers • Muscle fibers (10-100) make up fascicles. • Fascicles form the muscle.

  6. Myofibrils • Threadlike structures found in the cytoplasm of muscle fibers • Types of filaments • myosin • actin

  7. Muscle Contraction • Requires energy (ATP) • Many mitochondria in muscle cells

  8. Muscle Fatigue • Oxygen debt results in the incomplete breakdown of glucose. • Lactic acid builds up in muscles.

  9. Disorders • Atrophy • Convulsions • Cramps • Paralysis • Shin splints • Spasms

  10. Attachments of a Muscle • Origin • Insertion • Action • Belly

  11. Attachments of a Muscle • Origin • muscle’s tendon to the more stationary bone • Insertion • muscle’s tendon to the more movable bone

  12. Attachments of a Muscle • Action • movement performed by contraction • Belly • fleshy portion between the origin and insertion

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