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Sigmund Freud 1856-1938

Sigmund Freud 1856-1938. Controversial Complex Complete. Irrational forces are stronger than rational forces…. Human mind is largely unconscious Unconscious is full of conflict. How is the unconscious studied?. Psychoanalysis Dreams Slip-of-the-tongue Hypnosis Case studies.

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Sigmund Freud 1856-1938

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  1. Sigmund Freud1856-1938 Controversial Complex Complete

  2. Irrational forces are stronger than rational forces… Human mind is largely unconscious Unconscious is full of conflict

  3. How is the unconscious studied? • Psychoanalysis • Dreams • Slip-of-the-tongue • Hypnosis • Case studies

  4. Parts of Personality • Id • Ego • Superego

  5. Id • Operates on the pleasure principle • Unconscious • Irrational/Impulsive • Aim is get rid of tension/stress/pain • Reducing tension …Wish fulfillment (dreams)

  6. Ego= Executive • Operates on reality principle..(wishes don’t produce food) • Takes into account reality (environment) • Controls the Id and the Superego • If working well= person is well adjusted • If gives in to Id= person is maladjusted • Defense Mechanisms help the Ego control anxiety

  7. Superego=Judge • Represents the ideal not what is real • Develops in the ego from childhood • Enforced through feelings of Pride, Guilt, Inferiority

  8. You’re on a hike with a group of friends when…..

  9. Defense Mechanismsused to deny or distort reality….They help protect the Ego • Denial= Refusing to admit something unpleasant is happening • Repression= Blocking a threatening idea, memory or emotion • Projection= Your “inner feelings” are pushed onto someone else • Regression= Returning to an earlier level of behavior • Rationalization= Justifying one’s behavior/failures by putting socially acceptable reasons in place of real reasons • Reaction formation= Acting opposite of your true feelings

  10. Freud’sStages of personality development

  11. Oral Stage Birth to 1.5 years Pleasure comes from: mouth, sucking, biting, chewing Adult “fixations” • Smoking • Over eating • Alcoholic • Nail biting

  12. Anal Stage • 18 Months to 3 years • Attention is on elimination • “holding in” or “letting go” leads to gratification Adult “fixations” • Messy • Irresponsible • Wasteful • Extravagant • Neat freak • compulsive

  13. Phallic Stage • Ages 3 to 6 • Pleasure from genitals Oedipus Complex • Male children sexually desire their mothers • Fear or jealous of same sex parent= castration anxiety Electra Complex • Female children sexually desire their fathers • Anger at mother=penis envy • Not supported by Freud

  14. Latency Stage • Ages 6 to puberty • Sexuality is dormant • Children develop social skills

  15. Genital Stage • Puberty • Development of sexual feelings toward others

  16. How well do Freud’s ideas hold up today?

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