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Radiology of common brain diseases

Explore the different types of intracranial bleeding, including extradural, subdural, subarachnoid, and intraparenchymal. Learn about causes, symptoms, and complications of brain bleed conditions, as well as imaging findings to aid in diagnosis.

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Radiology of common brain diseases

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  1. Radiology of common brain diseases 366 RAD

  2. Lecture 1 Intracranial bleeding Brain ischemia Brain edema Lecture 2 Intracranial tumors Brain infections Brain inflammation Scope

  3. Intracranial Bleeding • Extradural • Subdural • Subarachnoid • Intraventricular • Intraparenchymal

  4. EDH • Blood collection between inner table and dura. • Biconvex (lentiform) • Occur at site of impact • 95% unilateral, supratentorial • Does not cross sutures • Can cross falx and tentorium • Skull fracture in 90% • Air seen in 20%

  5. EDH • Arterial 90%, Venous 10% • Nontraumatic-rare • Lucid interval-50% • C/F: headache, nausia, vomiting, convulsions, herniation.

  6. SDH • Blood collection between dura and arachnoid. • Crescent shape • Supratentorial • Cross sutures, but not dural attachments • May extend along falx and tentorium

  7. SDH • Trauma is the most common cause • Acute: 6hr-3d • Subacute: 3d-3w • Chronic: >3w

  8. SDH

  9. SDH

  10. Blood in the suprasellar cistern Blood in the interhemispheric fissure Blood in the ambient cistern Blood in the sylvian fissures

  11. SAH • Blood between pia and arachnoid • Traumatic (most common) • Nontraumatic • C/F: headache, vomiting, blurred vision, neck rigidity • Complications: hydrocephalus (acute/delayed), vasospasm, rebleeding.

  12. Parenchymal bleed • Causes: HTN, trauma, AVM, aneurysm, permaturity, tumors, infarction, coagulopaty.

  13. Trauma

  14. Trauma

  15. Courtesy: Osborn AG

  16. Courtesy: Smithuis R

  17. T2WI FLAIR DWI

  18. DWI FLAIR

  19. Brain edema Vasogenic: Trauma/infection/inflammation/tumors Cytotoxic: Ischemia/trauma Both could be generalized or localized Both may co-exist

  20. Brain edema Imaging findings: Hypodensity on CT Low signal on T1, high signal on T2 & FLAIR Loss of GM/WM interface Compressed ventricles Effaced sulci & cisterns Dense cerebellum Brain herniation Vascular compression-ischemia

  21. Brain edema 3w later

  22. Brain edema

  23. Brain edema

  24. Brain edema

  25. Brain edema

  26. The cause of this hematoma is: Anticoagulation Hypertension Ruptured aneurysm Trauma Courtesy of Chong V.

  27. This CT shows: Epidural Subdural Subarachnoid Intraparenchymal

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