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LEPH 2012 European Perspectives on Public Health and Police- Minority R elations

LEPH 2012 European Perspectives on Public Health and Police- Minority R elations. Prof. Joachim Kersten German Police University, Department of Police Science D-48165 Münster / Germany Joachim.Kersten@dhpol.de. European Perspectives. Melbourne University Research Experience:

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LEPH 2012 European Perspectives on Public Health and Police- Minority R elations

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  1. LEPH 2012European Perspectives on Public Healthand Police-MinorityRelations Prof. Joachim Kersten German Police University, Department of Police Science D-48165 Münster/ Germany Joachim.Kersten@dhpol.de

  2. European Perspectives • Melbourne University Research Experience: • Gangs in Melbourne (RomperStomper) • Public Healthin Germany • Historyof Public Health in mycountry; different fromother EU memberstates: UK, Scandinavia, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg

  3. Public Health in Germany • 18th century „Polizeywissenschaft“ in Prussia • 19th/ early 20th centuryHealth Science • „Sozial Hygiene“ healthrelatedsocialreform • Grotjahn (chair), Korach, Kantorowicz, Wolff, Gottstein, Schlossmann, Teleky, Goldmann left Germany; Goldmann andHealth Insurance • 1933-1945 „Rassenhygiene“ „scientific“ racism • 1980s: firstuniversitychairs; funding; healthpolicy; communityorientation; interdisciplinary • Berlin, Bielefeld, Dresden, Hamburg, München

  4. COREPOL Conflict Resolution, Mediation and Restorative Justice and the Policing of Ethnic Minorities in Germany, Austria, and Hungary • EU FP7 security research: COREPOL www.corepol.eu • January 2012 toDecember 2012 • Participating countries: Germany, Austria, Hungary • Minorities: Turkishmigrantsandtheirdescendants (Germany); Sub-SaharanAfricans in Vienna (Austria); Roma communities (Hungary)

  5. German ResidentsofTurkish Origin • 1961 Migrant Worker contract: Turkey Germany; Why 1961? • Turkey-German migration: 5th largest in theworld • Berlin: largestTurkishcommunity outside Turkey • Since 1973: Family migration • Communities?

  6. German Residents of Turkish Origin • Rural origin Eastern Anatolia; • Majority (rural) Turks; also Alevites, Kurds • Growing impact of traditional family values, religion, segregation, some anti-German sentiments

  7. General issues • Education • Educational status of parents; mothers • Discrimination in the German education system • Motivation and attitudes among parts of the Turkish minority • Culture conflictamongchildrenandyouths; (adult) roleofmediators

  8. General issues • Higher unemployment rates of parents • Higher rates of physical abuse in families (against children, against partners) • Higher visibility of adolescent offending • Underpolicing/ Overpolicing • Example: Rollbergviertel Berlin

  9. Public HealthIssues: Turkishminority • Literacy/ commandof German • Interculturalressourcesamong German medicalpractitioners • Not enoughbicultural m.p. • Different layconceptsofillness (mix traditional/ modern) • Roleofshame, guilt-suffering, fundamentalism, culturaldisorientation, trauma (Kurds) • Taboo: anythingthatstartswith „psych-“

  10. Public Health Issues: Turkish minority • Lessparticipationearlydiagnosis (screening) after birth, kindergarten, primaryschool • Obesity: higherrates • Mortality • Research intomigrant (youth, family) publichealthsituation: just started

  11. Roma/Sinti General Issues • 10-12 millionworldwide; • European Union‘slargestminority: • Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Hungary • Germany: 80.000 to 120.000 plus 50.000 refugees („economicmigrants“) • History: Discriminationsince 15th century • PersecutionandExtermination (Nazi Germany); 225.00-500.000 weresenttodeathcamps (mediaclexperiments) • 25.000 from Germany and Austria • Gypsychildren: Complicityofthemedicalprofessionduringand after Nazism

  12. Roma/Sinti General Issues • Contemporary discrimination/ racist violence • Political Issues: most deprived ethnic group in Europe • Education and Health Family violence • Failed/ flawed attempts at integration • Cultural inaccessibility • Hungary: 5%-10% of the total population

  13. Roma in Hungary: Social /HealthIssues • Lack ofreliablehealthdata; comparativelypoorhealth in Central and Eastern Europe • Lesseducation, lessemployed, muchlowerincome, worselivingconditions, wekersocialsupport • Self-reportedhealthstatusworsethangeneralpopulation • Lesslikelytousehealthservices; (e.g. mammographyonly 25% of Roman womenscreened)

  14. Roma in Hungary: Social /Health Issues • Discrimination in Health Service (35%/4%) • Smoking; Unhealthydiet 1.5-3 timeshigherthan in lowestincomequartile • American Journal of Public Health, 97 (May 2007) • Thomson andSoos (2005): Somegoodnews • Improvededucationalopportunities: Sport

  15. Public HealthIssues: Minorityandtheroleofpolicing • Howcan RJ programmesforminority-police includetheissueofpublichealth? • Howcanpolicecontributetonetworks? • Can were-establishtheroleofpublichealthas a reformmovementandintegratepolice?

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