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Power Plant Issues APPA Discussion

Power Plant Issues APPA Discussion. June 28 2006 J.E. Fulton CPS Energy. CPS Plans to Add a New Coal Unit. Type : Pulverized Coal, Hybrid Pressure (2520 psi, 1050 o F, 1050 o F) Location: Calaveras Lake Fuel: Powder River Basin Coal Size: 750 MW Heat Rate: 9,300 BTU/KWH

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Power Plant Issues APPA Discussion

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  1. Power Plant IssuesAPPA Discussion June 28 2006 J.E. Fulton CPS Energy

  2. CPS Plans to Add a New Coal Unit • Type : Pulverized Coal, Hybrid Pressure(2520 psi, 1050 oF, 1050 oF) • Location: Calaveras Lake • Fuel: Powder River Basin Coal • Size: 750 MW • Heat Rate: 9,300 BTU/KWH • Proposed Permit Levels (annual averages) • SO2 - 0.06 Lb/MMBTU (wet limestone scrubber) • NOx - 0.05 Lb/MMBTU (SCR) • PM - 0.022 Lb/MMBTU (fabric filter)(collectibles + condensables) • Hg - 0.00002 Lb/MWH (oxidation and/or sorbent injection)

  3. CPS’ Approach to Licensing

  4. Summary of CPS Licensing Approachfor New Coal Unit • Began with some of the lowest emission rate coal units in the U.S. • Exemplary emissions performance of corporate coal fleet • Began strategic energy planning process well in advance of need. CPS strategic energy planning project has been in progress 5+ years now. New coal unit a major element of the process. Board adopted strategic energy plan on June 30, 2003 • Involved the public early on – Public involvement began 3.5 years ago

  5. Summary of CPS Licensing Approach for New Coal Unit • Went well beyond Best Available Control Technology (BACT) levels for new coal unit • Provided offsets for emissions from the proposed coal plant • Applied Mercury Maximum Available Control Technology (MACT) as originally proposed • Added renewables and conservation to the strategic energy portfolio • Took, and continue to take, message to the community

  6. Sample of Public Involvement • Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC) • Frequent updates since 2001 • Southeast Quadrant Citizens’ Advisory Group • More than 20 meetings since October 1, 2002 • Environmental Health Oversight Committee • 11 meetings since December 2, 2003 • All these groups continue to meet for periodic updates • Public has provided substantive input • CPS adopted public input as commitments to Community

  7. Sample of Public Involvement • Five Town Hall Meetings • 4/6/04 Ed White Middle School • 4/8/04 John Marshall High School • 4/13/04 Sam Houston High School • 4/15/04 John F. Kennedy High School • 4/27/04 East Central High School • TCEQ Public Meeting • December 16 2004

  8. Timeline of Major Events • Spring 2001 – Internal committee Comprehensive Energy Resource Coordination and Implementation Team (CERCIT) established to identify energy options and develop strategicenergyplan • October 2002 – Established Southeast Quadrant Citizens Advisory Group (SEQCAG) • June 30, 2003 – CPS Board gave approval to proceed with the strategic energy plan including the new coal unit • November 21, 2003 – Permit application submitted to TCEQ

  9. Timeline of Major Events • January 12, 2004 – TCEQ finds permit application to be administratively complete • November 5, 2004 – TCEQ issues draft permit. This process took more than 1 year from initial application and the draft permit had only minor changes from the application • December 16, 2004 – TCEQ holds public meeting on draft permit at East Central High School • May 18, 2005 – Contested hearing – determination of party status and adoption of schedule

  10. Timeline of Major Events • May 18–Sept 12, 2005Discovery and Deposition period • Sept 30, 2005CPS files its direct case and provides witness list • Oct 24, 2005Opposition files its direct case and provides witness list • Nov 9, 2005Objections to direct cases due • Nov 28, 2005Prehearing conference • Dec 5–9, 2005Hearing on merits • Jan 16, 2006File closing arguments and briefs • March 27, 2006Record of Decision (expected) • Dec 5, 2006 – Hearing settled! • Dec 28, 2006 – Permit Issued!

  11. What were the Issues of Concern? Based upon comments by protestants • Project not Needed • Conservation/Renewables are adequate to meet needs • TCEQ should Regulate CO2 • Permit does not propose CO2 limit • Applicant has not identified Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for CO2 • BACT Issues • Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle = BACT • Mercury emissions are too high • Health Impacts • Environmental Justice issues • Visibility Issues • Visibility impact on Big Bend National Park • Increment Consumption at Big Bend

  12. CPS’ Key Environmental Commitments to the Community • Use of Best Available Control Technology on new unit • Enhance coal yard environmental controls • Reduce existing emissions so there will be no net increase in aggregate emissions as a result of new unit going on-line • 10% renewables commitment by 2015 (~ 600 MW) • Increase spending on conservation programs • Enhanced air quality monitoring program around plant • Community environmental health awareness program • New Unit will be brought under Ch. 117 NOx cap • Additional emissions reductions from existing units so there will be a substantial net decrease in aggregate emissions after new unit goes on-line

  13. Comparison of Recently Permitted PC Units Project Size and Fuel Used 29 total units at 23 different plants Project Size - Total MW 1600 2 2 Bituminous Coals 1400 Subbituminous Coals 2 2 1200 Operating unit 2 Number of units in power rating 1000 2 2 800 600 400 200 0 Two Elk Spruce 2 Prairie State Thoroughbred Corn Belt Energy KCP&L (Hawthorn) Black Hills (WYGEN I) Black Hills (WYGEN II) Sand Sage (Sunflower) Rocky Mountain Power Roundup (Bull Mountain) Plum Point Power Station Tucson - Springerville OPPD - Nebraska City Unit 2 Council Bluffs (Mid America) Newmont (TS Power Nv) Intermountain Power - Unit #3 Elm Road Generating (WI Elec.) Santee Cooper/Cross Units 3&4 Weston 4 (WI Public Service Co.) Whelan Energy Center - Hastings Longview Power (GenPower) Southwest Unit #2 - (Springfield, MO)

  14. Permit Constituent Matrix Elm Road Generating (WI Whelan Energy Center - Intermountain Power - OPPD - Nebraska City Santee Cooper/Cross Weston 4 (WI Public Southwest Unit #2 - Council Bluffs (Mid Plum Point Power Station Roundup (Bull Mountain) Longview Power Black Hills (WYGEN II) Rocky Mountain Power Sand Sage (Sunflower) Black Hills (WYGEN I) KCP&L (Hawthorn) Corn Belt Energy (Springfield, MO) Thoroughbred Prairie State Service Co.) America) Units 3&4 Spruce 2 Hastings Two Elk Unit #3 Elec.) Unit 2 (GenPower) Tucson - Springerville Newmont (TS Power Nv) NOx Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes SO Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 PM (F+C) Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes PM (F) Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes No No No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No CO Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes VOC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes HF Yes No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Lead Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Mercury Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No H SO Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes 2 4 HCL Yes No No No No No No No No No No This matrix identifies whether the indicated compound is included in the following charts No No No No No No No No No No No No NH Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No 3

  15. Comparison of Recently Permitted PC Units Technology Matrix OPPD - Nebraska City Unit Elm Road Generating (WI Whelan Energy Center - Intermountain Power - Santee Cooper/Cross Weston 4 (WI Public Council Bluffs (Mid Southwest Unit #2 - Plum Point Power Station Roundup (Bull Mountain) Rocky Mountain Power Longview Power Black Hills (WYGEN II) Sand Sage (Sunflower) Black Hills (WYGEN I) KCP&L (Hawthorn) Corn Belt Energy (Springfield, MO) Thoroughbred Prairie State Service Co.) America) Units 3&4 Hastings Spruce 2 Unit #3 Two Elk Elec.) 2 (GenPower) Tucson - Springerville Newmont (TS Power Nv) CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ CC/ NOx SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR SCR Dry Dry Wet Dry Wet Wet Dry Wet Dry Dry Dry Wet Dry Dry Dry Wet Dry Wet Wet Dry Dry Dry Dry SO 2 FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD PM-10 FF FF ESP FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF ESP FF FF FF ESP FF FF ESP FF FF FF FF CO GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP VOC GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP GCP WESP Other ACI WESP DSI WESP /ACI GCP- Good Combustion Practice WESP - Wet Electrostatic Precipitator Subbituminous Coal FF - Fabric Filter (Baghouse) ACI - Activatd Carbon Injection DSI - Dry Sorbent Injection ESP -Electrostatic Precipitator Bituminous Coal FGD - Flue Gas Desulfurization CC -Combustion Controls

  16. Comparison of Recently Permitted PC Units Cumulative Emission Rates - all compounds Cumulative Emission Limit for All Compounds - Lb/MMBTU 1.0 X Indicates permit issued after Spruce 2 determined to be administratively complete Subbituminous Coal 0.8 Bituminous Coal Note: The sum for Spruce 2 includes all 11 pollutants. Spruce 2 unit (Subbituminous Coal) No other unit includes more than 9 units in the sum! Operating unit 0.6 X X X X X X X X X 0.4 X 0.2 0.0 Two Elk Spruce 2 Prairie State Thoroughbred Corn Belt Energy KCP&L (Hawthorn) Black Hills (WYGEN I) Black Hills (WYGEN II) Sand Sage (Sunflower) Rocky Mountain Power Roundup (Bull Mountain) Plum Point Power Station Tucson - Springerville OPPD - Nebraska City Unit 2 Newmont (TS Power Nv) Council Bluffs (Mid America) Intermountain Power - Unit #3 Elm Road Generating (WI Elec.) Santee Cooper/Cross Units 3&4 Weston 4 (WI Public Service Co.) Whelan Energy Center - Hastings Longview Power (GenPower) Southwest Unit #2 -(Springfield, MO)

  17. Environmental Enhancements at Existing CPS Coal Units Total Cost - $394 million Item Date Cost System NOx Reductions 1999 - 2004 $55 million (completed) Enhanced Monitoring 2003 - 2009 $3 million (completed) Program Coal Yard Dust Controls 2003 - 2004 $4.0 million (completed) (in progress) Gas Startup at JTD 2006 - 2007 $6.0 million Baghouse Retrofit at JTD 2006 - 2007 $92 million (in progress) Additional Coal NOx (in progress) 2005 - 2007 $15 million Controls (budgeted) Enhance Existing Scrubber 2008 - 2009 $10 million (budgeted) Scrubber Retrofits at JTD 2012 - 2013 $209 million Green – completed Orange – In Progress Red - Budgeted

  18. Local Emissions of Criteria Pollutants And CPS Contribution Emissions in Tons per Day 1,400 1,200 Total local emissions of criteria pollutants - 2,016 tons per day Total CPS emissions of criteria pollutants - 139 tons per day CPS accounts for 6.9% of local emissions of criteria pollutants 1,000 800 After completion of new unit and environmental upgrades Totals CPS emissions will be about 44 tons per day or About 2.1% of locally emitted criteria pollutants 600 400 200 0 CO VOC PM-10 NOx SO2 Total Bexar County CPS Sources

  19. CPS Air Emissions from Coal Past, Present and Future Air Emissions -Thousand Tons per Year 60 Sulfur Dioxide Nitrogen Oxides Particulate Matter 1997 - 1450 MW 50 52% Increase in Power 2003 - 1450 MW 40 69% Reduction 30 in Emissions! 20 2013 - 2200 MW 10 0 Past Present Future

  20. Mercury in Water at CPS Lakes Braunig and Calaveras Lakes - 2001 Mercury in water column in ppb 2.5 EPA Drinking Water Standard - 2 ppb 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Braunig Lake 1 Braunig Lake 2 Braunig Lake 4 Braunig Lake 5 Calaveras Lake 1 Calaveras Lake 2 Calaveras Lake 3 Calaveras Lake 5 San Antonio River Braunig Lake - Deep Calaveras Lake - deep Braunig Lake - Surface Calaveras Lake - surface

  21. Mercury in Water at CPS Lakes Braunig and Calaveras Lakes - 2001 Mercury in Water Column, Parts Per Billion 0.0016 0.0014 0.0012 0.0010 0.0008 0.0006 0.0004 0.0002 0.0000 Braunig Lake 1 Braunig Lake 2 Braunig Lake 4 Braunig Lake 5 Calaveras Lake 1 Calaveras Lake 2 Calaveras Lake 3 Calaveras Lake 5 San Antonio River Braunig Lake - Deep Calaveras Lake - deep Braunig Lake - Surface Calaveras Lake - surface

  22. Figure 10 Calaveras Lake Mercury in Fish Year 2002 Mercury Levels in Fish - mg/kg (wet) 1.2 1.1 FDA Advisory Level 1.0 mg/kg 1.0 0.9 0.8 TDH Advisory Level 0.7 mg/kg 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 EPA Suggested Level 0.3 mg/kg 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 Tilapia Bluegill Redfish 1 Redfish 2 Redfish 3 Threadfin Shad Channel Catfish 1 Channel Catfish 2 Channel Catfish 3 Large Mouth Bass 1 Large Mouth Bass 2 Large Mouth Bass 3

  23. Braunig Lake Mercury in Fish Year 2002 Mercury Level in Fish - mg/kg (wet) 1.2 1.1 FDA Advisory Level 1.0 mg/kg 1.0 0.9 0.8 TDH Advisory Level 0.7 mg/kg 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 EPA Suggested Level 0.3 mg/kg 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 Bluegill Tilapia spp. Channel Catfish 1 Channel Catfish 2 Channel Catfish 3 Threadfin Shad Hybrid-striped Bass Hybrid-striped Bass Hybrid-striped Bass Large Mouth Bass 1 Large Mouth Bass 1 Large Mouth Bass 3

  24. Fifty Best Power Plant Emission Rates - 2004 Combined Nitrogen Oxide and Sulfur Dioxide in Lb/MMBTU Cherokee Centralia BW21 Sam Seymour 3 Laramie River 2 Cope Station COP1 Intermountain 1SGA Combined Emissions of NOx plus SO2 in 2004 - Lb/MMBTU 0.5 Spruce 1 Actual Spruce 2 Permit 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Polk 1 Cross 1 Cholla 2 Shiras 3 Wygen 1 Craig C2 Craig C1 Seward 1 Seward 2 Bonanza 1 Muscatine 9 Spruce 2 Permit J K Spruce 1 Hawthorn 5A Petersburg 1 Petersburg 2 Northside 2A Northside 1A Westwood 31 R D Green G2 Reid Gardner 4 Reid Gardner 3 Centralia BW22 Neil Simpson II 1 W A Parish WAP8 Intermountain 2SGA Clover Power Station 2 Clover Power Station 1 Altavista Power Station 2 Altavista Power Station 1 AES Somerset (Kintigh ) 1 Lawrence Energy Center 4 Lawrence Energy Center 5 Rawhide Energy Station 101 Navajo Generating Station 1 Navajo Generating Station 2 Navajo Generating Station 2 Mecklenburg Power Station 2 Mecklenburg Power Station 1 F B Culley Generating Station 3 Bridgeport Harbor Station BHB3 Mt. Carmel Cogeneration SG-101 Curtis H. Stanton Energy Center 2 Red Hills Generation Facility AA001 Red Hills Generation Facility AA002

  25. Approximate Overall Pollutant Control LevelsRelative to Uncontrolled Emissions • Following Environmental Upgrades Program and Installation of New Coal Unit • Particulate Matter >99.8% • Sulfur Dioxide 90 – 95% • Nitrogen Oxides 85 – 90% • Mercury 85 – 90%

  26. The End Questions?

  27. Air Quality Monitors in San Antonio C622

  28. Generating Unit Emission Rates - 2004 SO emission rate - Lb/MMBTU 2 0 20 40 60 Source: EPA acid rain database SO2 Emission Rate - Lb/MMBTU 6 1,027 coal units reporting emissions in 2004 5 4 3 2 Best 50 Units 1 0 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000 1020 Numerical Ranking of Units - Worst to Best

  29. Fifty Best Power Plant Emission Rates - 2004 Sulfur Dioxide in Lb/MMBTU Prewitt Escalante Generating Station 1 Sulfur Dioxide Emission Rates for 2004 - Lb/MMBTU 0.14 Spruce 2 Permit CFB Unit IGCC Unit 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Craig C3 Craig C2 Craig C1 Shiras 3 Cholla 2 Wygen 1 Colstrip 4 Colstrip 3 Valmont 5 Bonanza 1 Hayden H1 Hayden H2 Cherokee 4 Cherokee 3 Muscatine 9 Hawthorn 5A Petersburg 2 Petersburg 1 R D Green G2 Conemaugh 1 Conemaugh 2 Reid Gardner 4 Reid Gardner 1 Reid Gardner 2 Reid Gardner 3 Centralia BW22 Sam Seymour 3 Spruce 2 Permit Hunter (Emery) 3 Neil Simpson II 1 Intermountain 2SGA Intermountain 1SGA Clover Power Station 1 Clover Power Station 2 Altavista Power Station 2 Lawrence Energy Center 5 Lawrence Energy Center 4 Altavista Power Station 1 Rawhide Energy Station 101 Navajo Generating Station 3 Navajo Generating Station 1 Navajo Generating Station 2 Mount Storm Power Station 2 Mount Storm Power Station 1 Mecklenburg Power Station 1 Mecklenburg Power Station 2 Mount Storm Power Station 3 Southampton Power Station 2 Southampton Power Station 1 Red Hills Generation Facility AA002 Source: EPA acid rain database

  30. Fifty Best Power Plant Emission Rates - 2004 Nitrogen Oxides in Lb/MMBTU NOx Emission Rate for 2004 - Lb/MMBTU 0.16 Spruce 2 Permit CFB Unit IGCC Unit 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Polk 1 Fisk 19 Seward 2 Seward 1 Newton 1 Newton 2 Shiras 3 Scherer 3 Scherer 4 Labadie 4 Labadie 2 Labadie 1 Labadie 3 Wygen 1 Crawford 8 Crawford 7 Marion 123 Joliet 29 81 Joliet 29 82 Joliet 29 71 Joliet 29 72 Columbia 1 Big Brown 1 Hawthorn 5A Northside 2A Northside 1A W A Parish 7 W A Parish 8 W A Parish 6 W A Parish 6 Will County 4 Will County 3 Rush Island 2 Rush Island 1 Joppa Steam 5 Joppa Steam 6 Joppa Steam 4 Joppa Steam 3 Joppa Steam 1 Joppa Steam 2 Spruce 2 Permit Sam Seymour 1 Milton L Kapp 2 Gibbons Creek 1 South Oak Creek 7 South Oak Creek 8 Hennepin Power Station 1 AES Somerset (Kintigh ) 1 Hennepin Power Station 2 Baldwin Energy Complex 3 Mt. Carmel Cogeneration sg-101 Red Hills Generation Facility AA002 Red Hills Generation Facility AA001 Source: EPA acid rain database

  31. Selected Demographic Data for Bexar County (CPS Service Territory) • Population (3/1/00) 1,392,931 • Population Rank 24 • Population Growth Rate 17.5% per decade • Population Breakdown • Hispanic 54.3% • White 36.0% • Black 7.2% • Other 2.5% • Median Age 32.1

  32. Selected Demographic Data for Bexar County (CPS Service Territory) con’t • Median Household Income $32,374 • Personal Income per capita $23,852 • Personal Income % of National Avg. 87.7% • Persons Below Poverty Level 247,843

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