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1. Get your Chromebook and go to your Superman Article

2. MiSPLACED AND Dangling modifiers

3. How do you define the word, “misplace”? According to www.dictionary.com, the word misplace means, “to put in the wrong place”. What happens when you misplace something?

4. What can be misplaced in grammar? Adverbs, adjectives, phrases, and clauses can all be misplaced in sentences. When these things are misplaced, we call them misplaced modifiers. This causes the reader to receive an unclear understanding of the writer’s intentions. Misplaced modifiers = adverbs, adjectives, phrases and clauses that cause the reader to misunderstand

5. Misplaced Adjectives When writing or speaking, you must be sure to place an adjective next to the word that it is modifying. Wrong: The dusty student’s bookshelf made me sneeze. The adjective in this sentence is “dusty”. Is the student or the bookshelf dusty? Correct: The student’s dusty bookshelf made me sneeze.

6. Misplaced Adjectives Wrong: The oily man’s pen was hard to hold. What’s oily? Correct: The man’s oily pen was hard to hold.

7. Misplaced Adverbs Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. When deciding where adverbs should be placed, we must consider the writer’s intended meaning. Because I was so thirsty, I devoured the juice that my mom gave me immediately. Remember, the modifier must be close to whatever it is modifying. Does “immediately” modify gave or devoured?

8. Misplaced Adverbs Remember: adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Corrected sentence: Because I was so thirsty, I immediately devoured the juice that my mom gave me. Remember, the modifier must be close to whatever it is modifying.

9. 1 )Brenda put oranges into the punch that came from Florida. • 2) He ran to the car with arms full of boxes.

10. Stop: Activity 1 The bag on your table contains sentence strips with modifiers. Correctly form the sentences. Avoid misplaced modifiers. ****WAIT 1 second! Let’s look at the sentences, first. 

11. 1. Pleasegivehim the green cat’s collar. 2. I really need a hot cup of soup. 3. The prickly man’s cactus mutilated my finger. 4. Shetook the floral lady’s dress to the cleaners. 5. My mom loves to eat a zesty bowl of chili.

12. Adjectives - Check your work.

13. What is the Difference? • What is the difference between a phrase and a clause? • A phrase is just a collection of words • leaving behind the dog • smashing into a fence • before the first test • A clause will have a subject and verb.

14. Misplaced phrases Phrases should also be placed next to the word they modify. Incorrect: Unhappy with her stench, my mom watched the cat clean herself. Incorrect: My mom took the drink to the lady with grapes and mango. Incorrect: She noticed a book on her route to class.

15. Misplaced phrases Phrases should also be placed next to the word they modify. Incorrect: Unhappy with her stench, my mom saw the cat clean herself. Correct: Unhappy with her stench, the cat cleaned herself, and my mom saw it all. Incorrect: My aunt took the drink to the lady with grapes and mango. Correct: My aunt took the drink with grapes and mango to the lady. Incorrect: She noticed a book on the route to class. Correct: On the route to class, she noticed a book.

16. Incorrect: The woman put the necklace in the jewelry box with blonde hair. Correct: The woman with blonde hair put the necklace in the jewelry box.

17. Misplaced Clauses Incorrect: Shelia bought a new chewable toy for my dog which was on sale at the pet store. Correct: Shelia bought a new chewable toy, which was on sale at the pet store, for my dog.

18. Dangling Modifier When your modifier is left alone, a dangling modifier occurs. You will need to insert what is being modified. Ex. Boiled to the delicious color of bright red, we love it when my uncle prepares dinner. What’s being boiled? How would we correct this sentence? Correct: We love it when my uncle prepares lobster that is boiled to the delicious color of bright red. Correct: Boiled to the delicious color of bright red, the lobster is one of my favorite dishes prepared by my uncle.

19. Dangling Modifiers Incorrect: After completing the marathon, the chair was a welcomed sight. Correct: After completing the marathon, I was tired, and the chair was a welcomed sight. Correct: After I completed the marathon, the chair was a welcomed sight.

20. Reinforcement Activity Complete the worksheet with your partner. This is for a grade. It will be graded tomorrow.

21. Strategies for revising dangling modifiers: 1. Name the appropriate or logical doer of the action as the subject of the main clause: • Having arrived late for practice, a written excuse was needed. • Who arrived late? This sentence says that the written excuse arrived late. To revise, decide who actually arrived late. The possible revision might look like this: • Having arrived late for practice, the team captain needed a written excuse. • The main clause now names the person (the captain) who did the action in the modifying phrase (arrived late).

22. 2. Change the phrase that dangles into a complete introductory clause by naming the doer of the action in that clause: • Without knowing his name, it was difficult to introduce him. • Who didn't know his name? This sentence says that "it" didn't know his name. To revise, decide who was trying to introduce him. The revision might look something like this: • Because Maria did not know his name, it was difficult to introduce him. • The phrase is now a complete introductory clause; it does not modify any other part of the sentence, so is not considered "dangling."

23. 3. Combine the phrase and main clause into one: • To improve his results, the experiment was done again. • Who wanted to improve results? This sentence says that the experiment was trying to improve its own results. To revise, combine the phrase and the main clause into one sentence. The revision might look something like this: • He improved his results by doing the experiment again.

24. More examples of dangling modifiers and their revisions: • INCORRECT: After reading the original study, the article remains unconvincing. • REVISED: After reading the original study, I find the article unconvincing. • INCORRECT: Relieved of your responsibilities at your job, your home should be a place to relax. • REVISED: Relieved of your responsibilities at your job, you should be able to relax at home. • INCORRECT: The experiment was a failure, not having studied the lab manual carefully. • REVISED: They failed the experiment, not having studied the lab manual carefully