Week One

1. Week One What is Drafting?

2. Objective • This chapter discusses what drafting is and why it is used by interior designers

3. Introduction • Graphic communication • The art of putting ideas to paper in picture form to create instructions • Universally recognized symbols and protocols enable all to interpret the drawings in a consistent manner

4. History of Drafting • Originated when the first designer needed to give instructions • Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans sketched elaborate structures onto papyrus • Modern board drafting have been largely unchanged for the past 200 years • Early 1980s: computer-aided drafting (CAD) software replaced board drafting

5. How Drafting is Used in Residential Design • Lay out a floor plan • Design an electrical plan • Describe Elevations, Sections, and Details • Show a furniture arrangement • Custom-design kitchen cabinetry • Describe a window treatment • Show specifics, such as sizes, locations, and features

6. Types of Drawings • Presentation drawings • General purpose drawings • Production drawings • Contract documents • Construction or working drawings • Shop drawings • Fabrication or millwork drawing

7. Presentation Drawings • Show drawings • Used to sell ideas to clients or as exhibits • Understood by layperson • Consist of: • Floor plans • Interior elevations • Perspective drawings • Fabric swatches and material samples

8. Production Drawings • Aimed at tradespeople who will implement the ideas • Technical and highly detailed • Descriptive drawings such as details, sections, and elevations • More technical than presentation drawings • Complex dimensioning • Instructions for building

9. Shop Drawings • More detailed than a production drawing • Done by the person who will be doing the actual work • Shows the designer precisely how the ideas in the production drawings will be implemented

10. Specifications • Written instructions • Complement the drawings • Describe the quality of the materials that the drawings show • Contain details that would clutter up drawings • Presented in a separate document

11. 2-D vs. 3-D • The floor plan is a two-dimensional drawing: length and width • An interior perspective is a three-dimensional drawing • Presentation • Closest to how the space is actually seen • Easily understood by client • 2-D drawings: used for production • 3-D drawings: used for presentation

12. Why Draft on Boards? • Drafting is all about problem solving • Easiest for most beginning students to problem solve learning a new software • Board thinking and problem solving skills will always be valuable • One must know how to construct a floor plan and create an elevation

13. Importance of Legible Drawings • Graphic instructions are carefully drafted to industry standards • Clear, legible drawings with carefully lettered notes will reduce the chances of misinterpretation • Drafted documents are legally binding

14. What Does “Standard” Mean? • The dictionary defines “standard” as something established by authority, custom, or general consent as a model or example

15. Summary • Drafting uses analytic thinking and drawing to explain ideas • Graphic instructions are tailored to different audiences • Standardized ways of presenting information have evolved to make drawings readable no matter where they are created or read