Korea Three Kingdoms Forward

1. KoreaThree Kingdoms Forward 16

2. Pre-history • Ancient Chosun • The mythological unified Korean nation ruled by Tangun from 2333 BC • Han tribes 300 BC+ • Palais (your text) covers several early kingdoms. We won’t

3. Koguryo: Northern Korea 37 BC – 668 AD Baekche: Southwestern Korea 18 BC – 663 AD Silla (Pronounced Sheila) Southeastern Korea 57 AD – 668 AD (Victory) Kaya (minor and short lived, usually ignored) Three Kingdoms About 50 BCE – 668 CE

4. Three Kingdoms • Koguryo: North, was the largest and strongest • Included much of Manchuria • Battled and resisted China several times

5. Three Kingdoms: Baekche -- Southwest • First to adopt Buddhism • Sent scholars, craftsmen and monks to Japan • First destroyed by Silla-Tang alliance

6. Three Kingdoms:Silla -- Southeast • Later developer • Builds alliance with Tang China to overthrow both Baekche and Koguryo by 668 CE • Unites Korea into Unified Silla Dynasty

7. Three Kingdoms division replayed? • Current division lines similar to 3-Kingdoms • South Korea also divided into East/West regions for domestic politics • Coincidence or resurgence??? Three Kingdoms Map Contemporary Korean Map

8. Unified Silla Dynasty668 CE – 918 CE • Silla dynasty unifies Korean Peninsula • Northern kingdom of Parhae is also Korean speaking but usually placed into Manchurian history

9. The world’s first “centralized” heating system Developed 600-700 CE Parhae KingdomOndol Heat

10. Unified Silla Sadae Principle • Sadae = “Serve the great” • Silla allied with Tang China to solve its problem with Koguryo • First works with Tang to destroy Baekche and unify southern Peninsula • Next works with Tang to destroy Koguryo and unify more of Peninsula • Silla Korea recognizes its weakness • Alliance with China provides protector

11. Unified Silla Sadae Principle • Tributary status with China provides • Guidance • Protection • Access to Chinese economy • Peace • Help with domestic disturbances if necessary • How does a small nation survive? Sadae • Watch for this repeating theme…

12. Unified Silla • Hwarang • Elite military academy • Teaches art, poetry, history, horsemanship, and weaponry

13. Unified Silla • Religion and State in Silla • Unified Silla adopts Buddhism as official state religion • Builds massive “Buddhist Nation Temple” • Pulkuksa

14. Pulkuksa

15. Sokaram

16. Unified Silla Kyongju as Capital: Art, Architecture • Burial practices

17. Royal Tombs

18. Unified SillaChomsongdae Observatory

19. Buddhist temple ceiling

20. Guard at Buddhist Temple Gate Eaves from Korean Buddhist Temple

21. Unified Silla Period Buddhist Art

22. Hereditary Government “True Bone” lineages Strict intermarriage among nobles Yangban class leadership Silla period court music Confucian forms of ministries Structure looks Confucian No Meritocracy – Exams don’t mean anything Unified Silla

23. Factionalism and corruption weaken Silla Dynasty Restoration movements in both Baekche and Koguryo Both gain independence Later Baekche emerges but a splits internally between father and son Alliance between part of later Baekche and Later Koguryo 935 CE: Koguryo overthrows Silla to unify Korea again Takes on the new dynastic name: Koryo -- hence Korea Unified SillaClosing Scenes