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Dialictus : DNA barcoding a nightmare taxon

Dialictus : DNA barcoding a nightmare taxon. Jason Gibbs York University Toronto, Canada. Overview. Dialictus taxonomy Integrative taxonomy DNA barcoding results Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Future work. Dialictus : taxonomist’s nightmare. >500 species worldwide

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Dialictus : DNA barcoding a nightmare taxon

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  1. Dialictus: DNA barcoding a nightmare taxon Jason Gibbs York University Toronto, Canada

  2. Overview • Dialictus taxonomy • Integrative taxonomy • DNA barcoding results • Type 1 • Type 2 • Type 3 • Type 4 • Future work

  3. Dialictus: taxonomist’s nightmare • >500 species worldwide • >250 in North America (for now!) • Morphologically monotonous • Caste differentiation in social species • Sexual dimorphism AH!! Dialictus!

  4. Halictus semicaeruleus • Halictus (Chloralictus) semicaeruleus • Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) semicaeruleum • Dialictus semicaeruleus • Lasioglossum (Dialictus) semicaeruleum • Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) semicaeruleum • Evylaeus semicaeruleus • Lasioglossum (Dialictus) pruinosiforme • Halictus pruinosiformis • Halictus (Chloralictus) pruinosiformis • Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) pruinosiforme • Dialictus pruinosiformis • Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) pruinosiforme • Evylaeus pruinosiformis • Halictus glaucovirens • Halictus (Chloralictus) glaucovirens • Halictus (Chloralictus) exalbidus • Halictus (Chloralictus) actuarius • Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) actuarium • Dialictus actuarius • Lasioglossum (Dialictus) actuarium • Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) actuarium • Evylaeus actuarius • Hemihalictus (Dialictus) semicaeruleus?

  5. Integrative taxonomy • Integrative approach: • Morphology • DNA barcodes • Back to morphology • Compare to holotypes

  6. Results: Type 1 • Clear agreement between morphology and molecules • Little variation within species across large geographical areas

  7. Intraspecific versus Interspecific variation

  8. Intraspecific versus Interspecific variation • Difficult taxa removed for clarity

  9. Results: Type 2 • Deep divergences within a ‘single’ species • Cryptic species • Erroneous synonymies

  10. Results: changing distributions • Lasioglossum succinipenne • Current known distribution on Discoverlife.org

  11. Results: changing distributions • Lasioglossum pilosum • Current known distribution on Discoverlife.org

  12. Results: Barcoded Lasioglossum pilosm

  13. Results: Barcoded Lasioglossum succinipenne

  14. Results: Distribution changes L. succinipenne L. pilosum

  15. Eastern tegulare group • L. surianae renders L. tegulare paraphyletic • Two resurrected species (L. ellisiae and L. lepidii) • Two new species (L. carlinvillense and L. puteulanum) • L. tegulare

  16. Eastern tegulare group

  17. Results: Type 3 • Sex associations • New synonymies

  18. Results: Type 4 • Different morphologies • Same sequence! • L. rohweri and L. callidum

  19. Revision of the Canadian and Eastern USA fauna • Describe all species in these regions (~100) • New synonymies • ~20 so far • Resurrections • 4 so far • New species • ~ 12 so far • Distribution data • Provide morphological keys • More new species in Western USA

  20. Museums (ANSP, CAS, CNC, CUIC, FSCA, INHS, KUNHM, NCSU, NHM, NMNH, ROM, UCMC, UNSM) Collaborators (Sam Droege, Terry Griswold, Andrea Patenaude, Karen Wetherill, Bob Minckley, Elizabeth Elle, Mike Arduser, Rob Jean, Victoria MacPhail, John Ascher, Packer lab... and others I forget) This research was supported by OGSST and through funding to the Canadian Barcode of Life Network from Genome Canada, NSERC and other sponsors listed at www.BOLNET.org and Numerous collaborators and museums donated invaluable specimens that made this research possible. Dead bee images taken using equipment at the ROM (courtesy of Dr. Chris Darling) Live bees from BugGuide.net Acknowledgements

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