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Unveiling the Scientific Method: Empirical Knowledge and Rationalist-Empiricist Perspectives

Explore the realm where science and philosophy intersect through the lens of the scientific method. Delve into the limitations of observation, the quest for empirical knowledge, and the complexities of falsification in the realm of science. Discover how rationalists and empiricists approach the acquisition of knowledge and the ongoing debate between science and religion. Navigate the historical context of scientific revolutions and the clash between different ways of knowing.

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Unveiling the Scientific Method: Empirical Knowledge and Rationalist-Empiricist Perspectives

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  1. Scientific Method Science philosophy involves itself in the methodology of science. Empirical knowledge – by observation - The Enlightenment (16-17th C.)

  2. Science can’t observe everything There is no causal relationship between an event and time Hume Thus science can’t ‘prove’ anything - All swans are white - Water always boils at 100 degrees

  3. Science can’t prove anything Science can only ‘disprove’ things. -Falsification

  4. Science Theory vs Science Reality

  5. Scientific revolutions Thomas Kunh (1922-1996)

  6. When there’s a conflict between observation & hypothesis - what do you do? • Reject the hypothesis • Reject the observation • Accept both and make an auxiliary hypothesis

  7. Rationalist vs Empiricist Rationalists think reason is the main source of knowledge – thus they will support a beautiful theory Empiricists thinks experience is the main source of knowledge – thus they will usually follow the data

  8. In reality scientists are a bit of both But unfortunately, this means that even falsification cannot 100% prove anything

  9. Science vs Religion

  10. Relativist attacks on science Science can’t prove anything - so it’s all just theory - so you can’t really know 100% for sure about anything, such as carbon dating, or evolution, or continental drift, or anything - so you can’t really be sure that God didn’t create the Earth 5000 years ago.

  11. Scientific attacks on religion If there is a god, then prove it!

  12. Dawkins vs God Science and Religion stomping all over each others’ turf

  13. Histories naughty siblings Religion mis-uses relativism to claim all ways of knowing are equal Science mis-uses it’s dominant position to undermine other forms of knowing

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