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Unveiling The Würzburg School of Psychology

Discover the influential figures behind the Würzburg School, including Külpe and Marbe, pioneers of studying thought processes. Learn about their methods, experiments, and impact on psychology. Explore the Gestalt movement and systematic self-observation. Unravel the legacy of this innovative school of thought.

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Unveiling The Würzburg School of Psychology

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Würzburg School

  2. Who were they? • Oswald Külpe (1862-1915) • Karl Marbe (1869-1953) • Founded an Institute of Psychology in Würzburg in 1896 to study THOUGHT PROCESSES (as opposed to thought content

  3. Thought processes? • For example: • Judgment • Knowing • Understanding • Interpreting • What is the process of this like? • As opposed to: what is the content of this like?

  4. Some of Külpe students • Max Wertheimer • Kurt Koffka • Richard Pauli • Albert Michotte • Basically the who 's who of the gestalt movement

  5. An experiment by Albert Michotte • Here is a demonstration of one of Michotte's experiments • In what ways do those experiments deal with thought process rather than thought content? • (note : these are Gestalt experiments)

  6. Karl Marbe's method • Uses the method of SYSTEMATIC SELF OBSERVATION (spoken reflection) to get at the process of thought. • For example. Solve the following riddle: • Sisters and brothers have I none, but that man's father is my father's son. How is this possible? And as you work at solving it, keep track of your thinking process. • How is this different from introspection?

  7. Other members of the Würzburg school (1) • Karl Bühler(1879-1963) • His wife is Charlotte Bühler, a well known developmentalist • Some famous students were Konrad Lorenz (etology), Neal Miller and Edward Tolman (cognitive behaviorism)

  8. Other members of the Würzburg school (2) • Narziss Kaspar Ach (1871-1946) • Introduces the concept of "determining tendencies". • How does a person's behavior change from random to determined?

  9. Other members of the Würzburg school (3) • Otto Selz (1881-1943) (died in Auschwitz) • The notion of "schematic anticipation", leads to the concept of AI • For example: what should go in the missing places?

  10. What did Wundt think of this? • Too phenomenological • Too qualitative • What do you think?

  11. THE END

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