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Damaged wall inside Anjar substation control building with

Damaged wall inside Anjar substation control building with. Buildings located near steep slopes. Must be away from steep slopes for better resistance to forces. Buildings located on filled – up soil. Buildings located on filled – up soil should be provided.

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Damaged wall inside Anjar substation control building with

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  1. Damaged wall inside Anjar substation control building with

  2. Buildings located near steep slopes. Must be away from steep slopes for better resistance to forces.

  3. Buildings located on filled – up soil

  4. Buildings located on filled – up soil should be provided

  5. Addition of shear walls to decrease span of diaphragm

  6. Shape of Buildings

  7. The optimal (regular) seismic configuration

  8. Buildings with irregular configuration

  9. Buildings with abrupt changes in lateral resistance

  10. Buildings with abrupt changes in lateral stiffness

  11. Typical analytical diagram of earthquake forces

  12. For complicated configuration more than two axes may be used for analysis

  13. Earthquake forces on buildings

  14. Earthquake forces: The reality

  15. Earthquake forces acting on a large building

  16. Localized strength and stiffness

  17. Arrangement of shear walls and braced frames- not recommended.

  18. Arrangement of shear walls and braced frames recommended

  19. Arrangement of shear walls and braced frames recommended

  20. Diaphragm openings

  21. Buildings with offsets

  22. Damage to buildings with offsets

  23. Damage to buildings with offsets

  24. Re-entrant Corner

  25. Irregularity in masses

  26. Elastic and Plastic behavior of mild steel

  27. Response Spectra

  28. Beam Reinforcement

  29. Transverse Reinforcement in Column

  30. Column and Joint Detailing

  31. Beam Column Intersection

  32. Examples of shallow foundations

  33. Common types of cast-in-place concrete piles: (a) Uncased pile; (b) Franki uncased-pedestal pile; (c) Franki cased-pedestal pile;

  34. Typical pile configurations

  35. Common types of earth retaining structures

  36. Common types of earth retaining structures

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