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Smart Substation

Smart Substation. Transport Services for the Distribution Grid Operator Josco C.P. Kester josco.kester@tno.nl. Introduction. research & development. applied physics. hiking. ECN. consultancy. e lectric power systems. Energie Delfland. measurements & control technology.

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Smart Substation

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  1. Smart Substation Transport Services for the Distribution Grid Operator Josco C.P. Kester josco.kester@tno.nl

  2. Introduction research & development applied physics hiking ECN consultancy electric power systems Energie Delfland measurements & controltechnology power electronic technology TNO connects people and knowledge to create innovations that boost the sustainable competitive strength of industry and well-being of society research anddevelopment turnover 600M€ energy information society industrial innovation public / private ICT The Netherlands independent mobility

  3. Smart Substation A 10/0.4 kV distribution substation that supports LV grids with distributed generation and demand peaks

  4. How will our energy supply look in 2050? Power grid operators face new requirements

  5. Smart Substation • Requirements • Functional Design • Detailed Design • Prototype Assembly • Laboratory tests • Field demonstration • (May 2007- December 2010)

  6. Inside the prototype LV Cabinet MV Cabinet

  7. LV cabinet 3. Monitoring and control 2. Sensors 1. Electric energy storage

  8. MV cabinet Switchgear indicators Smart Trafo - trafo Smart Trafo – control unit

  9. Smart Substation A 10/0.4 kV distribution substation that supports LV grids with distributed generation and demand peaks • by improving • load profile • reliability • power quality

  10. Lab tests in FPG-Lab May 2009 – February 2010

  11. Field demonstration Apeldoorn, Het Kasteel (Jun 2010 - )

  12. Load profile Peak load: - 30% (simulation) PowerMatcher Supply Demand Matching

  13. Reliability • Decrease peak loads • Coordination of local supply* • Intentional islanding* • * not yet fully tested

  14. FPG-Lab: islanding ESI System operating in islanding mode after removal of MV supply(passive resistive load of 20kW applied)

  15. Power Quality Resonances: - 70% (simulation) Harmonic Compensation with Virtual Resistive Harmonic Dampening (VRHD)

  16. THD 3rd 5th 7th 11th 13th Field demo: Referenceharmonics (wk20) very good sufficient All PQ characteristicswithinlimits very bad

  17. Field demo: THD (May - October 2010) THD 3rd 5th 7th 11th 13th • 17-19 prep 20 ref • 21-26 V • 29 harm • 30 ref • 35-36 V • 42-43 flicker

  18. Field demo: Harmonic Compensation (THD) Off On THD reduced by 15% 2.5 2.5 0.0 0.0

  19. Field demo: Harmonic Compensation (5th) Off On 5th harmonic reduced by 20% 2.5 2.5 0.0 0.0

  20. Field demo: Reference PQ (wk20) V (dips) Dfreq flicker THD unbalance very good Not applicable Connection. error sufficient very bad

  21. Field demo: PQ (May - October 2010) V (dips) Dfreq. Flicker THD Unb. • 17-19 prep 20 ref • 21-26 V • 29 harm • 30 ref • 35-39 V • 42-43 flicker Not applicable Connection. error

  22. Field demonstration: Flicker reduction Off On Flicker reduced from max 0.4 to max 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0

  23. Field demonstration: Voltage stability Off On Voltage excursions reduced from +/- 4 V to +/- 0.8 V

  24. 25 Smart Trafo Voltage distribution at input Voltage distribution at output

  25. Flex Power Grid Lab (FPGLab) Applications • offers services for development and testing of SmartGrids and power electronics • for industrial high voltage (24kV), power up to 1MVA • by offering a predefined “bad” grid or load • independent laboratory, operated by KEMA, Arnhem (Netherlands) • www.flexpowergridlab.com

  26. Key figures make test facility unique 1 MVA 1 MVA 24 kV 2.4 kHz • Voltage level up to24 kV • DC to 75 Hz frequency range • Continuous powerup to 1 MVA • Up to>25th harmonics • 4 Quadrant operation • Synchronization with other source • Controllable power exchange • Adjustable loads (0.5MW, 1MVAr) A freely programmable “nightmare” grid

  27. Spin-off • Alfen: ESI • Imtech: Smart Trafo 2.0 • KEMA: FPG-Lab • Alliander: test environment • TNO: PowerMatcher • Eaton: equipment for sustainable electricity supply, home automation

  28. Recommendations • Continue monitoring • Test active power control • Perform test including microCHPs • Demonstrations take more time than one expects – even when one takes that into account • Significant cost reduction possible • Significant volume reduction possible • Consider mobile applications

  29. Conclusions • Lab tests • anti-islanding and islanding tested and approved • specifications tested and documented • approved for field operation • Field demonstration • tests with microCHPs not possible • active power control not yet working • smart substation has operated without incidents since June 2010 • voltage stability improved • THD improved • flicker improved • International interest in Smart Substation • Questions? • josco.kester@tno.nl • +31-88-866 7392

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