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Non-traditional fossil fuels

Non-traditional fossil fuels. Carbon sequestration. Tar sands 175 billion barrels proven recoverable reserves. (US used about 6.3 billion barrels in 2008). Significant environmental impacts?. http://www.ienearth.org/archives/Dec2008_4/images/Oil_sands_open_pit_mining.jpg.

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Non-traditional fossil fuels

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  1. Non-traditional fossil fuels Carbon sequestration

  2. Tar sands 175 billion barrels proven recoverable reserves. (US used about 6.3 billion barrels in 2008) Significant environmental impacts? http://www.ienearth.org/archives/Dec2008_4/images/Oil_sands_open_pit_mining.jpg Tar sands and ‘heavy oil. Petroleum that has lost lower molecular weight compounds. http://randsco.com/_img/blog/0602/tarSandMap.jpg

  3. http://willyloman.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/tar-sands-before-after.jpghttp://willyloman.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/tar-sands-before-after.jpg http://www.treehugger.com/tar-sands-protest-action-080729.jpg Environmental concerns include: water use local ecosystem impacts carbon dioxide emissions http://www.treehugger.com/20090626-hillary-clinton-tar-sands-cartoon.jpg

  4. 500 billion barrels of recoverable reserves in the western U.S. (US used about 6.3 billion barrels of crude oil in 2008) www.friendlyinnovators.com/images/oilshale.jpg http://radio.weblogs.com/0101170 /images/science/shelloilshaleprocess2.jpg http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/blogs/greeninc/oilshaleprod.jpeg

  5. http://www.westernresourceadvocates.org/images/Hap%20cartoon.jpghttp://www.westernresourceadvocates.org/images/Hap%20cartoon.jpg Oil shale: water use in an arid climate waste rock from retorting ecosystem disruption – surface mining carbon dioxide emissions www.treehugger.com/2008/06/22-week/

  6. Coal bed methane US has ~ 20 TCF of proven reserves US used ~23 TCF in 2008 http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/trans/figs1.gif http://www.energyjustice.net/naturalgas/cbm/figureI-24.jpg www.energyindustryphotos.com/horizontal_drill.

  7. CBM water extraction in near-surface aquifer systems treatment fluids from horizontal drilling and hydrofracturing http://www.deq.state.mt.us/CoalBedMethane/images/P0000430.jpg www.deq.state.mt.us/CoalBedMethane/photos.asp http://www.meic.org/images/water-quality/clarren.jpg

  8. Methane clathrate http://i.treehugger.com/images/2007/10/24/methane%20clathrate-jj-001.jpg http://www.gns.cri.nz/research/gashydrates/images/methphase.jpg potential for significant, uncontrolled methane emission http://www.blog.speculist.com/archives/methanehydrate.jpg hypography.com/.../16398-methane.html http://chem.ps.uci.edu/~kcjanda/Group/images/4cages.jpg

  9. Underground (in situ) coal gasification runaway underground fires technical feasibility http://www.cleancoalucg.com/gfx/charts/ucg-fig1.jpg Injection of oxygen and water. Ignition, production of ‘syngas’. https://www.llnl.gov/str/April07/gifs/fire2.jpg

  10. Geological Carbon Sequestration 196.33.85.14/cgs_inter/index.php?option=com_c...

  11. Subsea Carbon Sequestration http://www.emilylynn.net/index_files/image002.jpg Carbon dioxide is removed from the surface oceans naturally by photosynthesis; some amount of the fixed carbon is preserved as sediment – perhaps to become part of the intermediate carbon cycle. Can this amount be increased by ocean surface fertilization using iron, etc? Can carbon dioxide liquid be released into the deep ocean by direct injection? http://esd.lbl.gov/CLIMATE/OCEAN/images/991020DOCSsummary-3.gif

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