Takakazu Shintomi and Akira Yamamoto On behalf of US-Japan collaboration carried out with

1. Development of Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators and Detectors in High Energy Physics Takakazu Shintomi and Akira Yamamoto On behalf of US-Japan collaboration carried out with KEK, University of Tsukuba (Japan) and FNAL, BNL, LBNL (USA) US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

2. Progress and Achievement US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

3. Objective • To develop superconducting magnets for high energy accelerators and particle detectors • The program was performed between KEK and BNL, FNAL and LBNL since 1981 to present • Development of superconducting accelerator and detector magnets • Development of superconducting wires • And succeeded to further programs US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

4. Development of Superconducting Magnets • High field magnets with Nb-Ti wire • 10 tesla dipole reached to Bm = 10.4 tesla (left) • SSC dipole: 5 cm ID, 6.6 tesla, 13 m long • High field magnets with Nb3Sn wire • W&R race track coil: 800 mm long • Double shell dipole: 600 mm long, 132 mm ID (right) • Al stabilized SC coil, and inflector magnet for g-2 at BNL Nb3Sn dipole US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium 10 T dipole

5. g-2 Experiment at BNL • Contribution to very high • precision magnetic field in • main muon storage ring: • SC coil, Iron pole piece, • and SC inflector Cross-Section View of Storage Ring Ring SC Coil Yoke of Dipole Ring Magnet Toroidal Field Dipole Field B = 1.5 T B = 0 SC Coil m Storage Ring Orbit Inflector m Injection Orbit SC Lamination US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

6. SSC Dipole Magnet R&D • Developed eleven 1 m model dipoles • Successfully tested • Developed one 13 m full size dipole • Successfully tested and reached 6.6 tesla nominal magnetic field US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

7. Successive Programs in 2nd Stage • The program for the LHC insertion region quadrupole (IRQ) magnet started in 1995, and was completed successfully in 2006 • The technologies achieved were succeeded to superconducting magnets for KEK-B IRQ, and the J-PARC neutrino beam line • Also, these technologies have been succeeded to magnet development for the LHC luminosity upgrade, high intensity muon beam, and so on US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

8. Collaboration with CERN for LHC-IRQ • The collaboration for LHC Insertion Region Quadrupole (IRQ) magnets started in 1995 and was successfully completed in 2006 by collaboration with KEK, FNAL and CERN • Sixteen IRQ magnets plus four spares were fabricated • KEK designed and developed technologies which were transferred to an industry • KEK tested all the quads and they satisfied the LHC-IRQ requirements • The magnets were assembled into cryostat at FNAL and delivered to CERN on schedule US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

9. LHC-IRQ • G = 215 T/m, Aperture = 70 mm, B ~ 9 T • L= 5.5 m (FNAL) or 6.37 m (KEK) • Higher Order Multipoles < 1 unit (10-4) • Beam Heating: 5 ~ 10 W/m TASB Q3 Q2 Q1 FNAL KEK KEK DFBX MQXA MQXB MQXB MQXA IP 6.37 5.5 5.5 6.37 2.985 2.715 1.0 MCSOX a3 a4 b4 MCBXA MCBXH/V b3 b6 MQSX MCBX MCBXH/V MCBX MCBXH/V US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

10. LHC-IRQ Production • Production was on schedule in just 3years US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

11. LHC-IRQ Performance Test • 1.9 K: • Training quench  230 T/m (~ 9 T) • Full energy dump @215 T/m • Fast ramp test @150 A/s • Field measurement • To reach 220 T/m w/o quench • Electrical insulation test 1.5 kV @ 4.2 K He-gas US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

12. LHC-IRQ Quench History Quench history is one of the most important characteristics with field quality Warm bore tube for field measurement attached to the coil and coil temperature increased US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

13. Summary • The program for development of superconducting magnets for high energy accelerators and particle detectors was successful and various technologies have been achieved • The technologies developed by the Japan-US Collaboration Program were succeeded to the Japan-CERN collaboration for LHC-IRQ • The successive programs such as the J-PARC neutrino beam line magnet stand on these technologies • The future programs for superconducting magnet development such as the LHC upgrade are important for high energy physics • The successful development of these programs is owing to the collaboration with industries US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

14. Appendices US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

15. Development of Superconducting Wires • Development of Nb-Ti wire with industry • Development of Nb-Ti (Ta) wire • Development of Nb3Sn wire for high field magnet beyond 10 tesla • The effort has been succeeded to develop Nb3Al wire for higher field magnet Ni-Ti wire US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

16. LHC-IRQ Field Quality Allowance US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium Coil oval deformation

17. LHC-IRQ ① ④ ③ ⑤ ② US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium Production ①, ② ☞ Test ③ ☞ Assembly ④ ☞ Installation ⑤