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UNIT THREE

UNIT THREE. APPLIED CONCEPTS IN PLANT BREEDING. Applied Concepts in Plant Breeding. Plant Breeding Objective Applied Plant Breeding Methods. Objectives in Field Crop Breeding. Increased production capacity of: Grain Forage Fiber Greater stability of yield

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UNIT THREE

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  1. UNIT THREE APPLIED CONCEPTS IN PLANT BREEDING

  2. Applied Concepts in Plant Breeding • Plant Breeding Objective • Applied Plant Breeding Methods

  3. Objectives in Field Crop Breeding • Increased production capacity of: • Grain • Forage • Fiber • Greater stability of yield • Consistency over varied environments • Resistance or tolerance to insects and disease • Tolerance to unfavorable soil conditions • Tolerance to a wider range of weather conditions • Improved seed quality and seedling emergence

  4. Objectives in Field Crop Breeding • Improved harvestability • More erect stalks • Shorter stalks • Taller stalks • Non-shattering of seed • Lack of chaff or fuzz

  5. Objectives in Field Crop Breeding • Improved product quality • Higher protein content • Better profile of specific amino acids • Higher starch content • Improvement of specific carbohydrates • Product odor • Product taste • Product color • Better fiber qualities

  6. Applied Plant Breeding Methods Genetic variability must exist for the characteristics involved, and these characteristics must be identified and selected for without genetic variability in nature, plant populations could not be improved by plant breeders what problem might lack of genetic variability cause in nature??

  7. Creating Genetic Variability • Introduction • Bringing new plants into an area where they have not existed before • Hybridization • Introducing foreign alleles from a different parent • How does this tie in with our earlier discussions about “Centers of Origin” ?

  8. Creating Genetic Variability • Selection • Groups of plants are screened for desired traits and those identified are retained and used as parental breeding stock • Mass selection • Selection of large quantities • Pure line selection • Individuals identified

  9. Breeding Self-Pollinated Species • These crosses result in pure lines that breed true for all traits. Three examples are: • Pedigree • Bulk common breeding • Backcross methods-

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