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Exploring Income Effects on Family, Education, and Achievement Trends in the United States: A Comparative Analysis

This study examines the relationship between family income, educational attainment, and achievement outcomes in the U.S. over several decades. It delves into the impact of income inequality on children's attainment levels, explores the causes behind gaps in academic performance based on income and race, and assesses the effects of income on stress and educational success. The research also considers the role of enrichment expenditures and residential segregation on academic performance, as well as the influence of peers and intergenerational mobility. Additionally, it analyzes the implications of policy decisions on income distribution and educational outcomes in the context of future national prosperity.

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Exploring Income Effects on Family, Education, and Achievement Trends in the United States: A Comparative Analysis

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  1. Russell Sage and Spencer Foundations, 2011

  2. Family income relative to 1947

  3. Family income relative to 1979

  4. Why?

  5. Achievement and attainment

  6. Years of schooling completed by U.S. adults

  7. College graduation rates for high and low income children

  8. Race and income-based gaps in reading achievement in SAT-type units

  9. Race and income-based gaps in reading achievement in SAT-type units

  10. Math achievement for low and high income children

  11. Math achievement for low and high income children

  12. Income inequality and children’s attainment:Are there ANY causal linkages?

  13. Maybe not:E.g., many more single-parent families now than before, especially for high school dropout and graduate parents

  14. Family income story

  15. Enrichment expenditures on high and low income children

  16. Income effects on achievement

  17. Family income story

  18. Income effects on stress

  19. Effects of EITC expansion on children’s test scores and mothers’ health

  20. School story

  21. School story

  22. Residential isolation of low- and high-income urban households

  23. Ratio of average family income in high and low-income schools

  24. Peers with problems in low and high income elementary schools

  25. Peer effects

  26. Intergenerational story

  27. Men’s intergenerational mobility

  28. Upward mobility in the earnings of sons in the United States and other countries

  29. Future national prosperity story

  30. Years of schooling completed by U.S. adults

  31. Falling behind

  32. Policy thoughts

  33. Extra and duplicate slides

  34. Growth and decline in selected occupations

  35. Changes in the earnings of high school and college graduates

  36. Children in single-mother homes

  37. Figure 3.1: Residential isolation of low- and high-income urban households

  38. Peer composition of students in low and high income schools

  39. Skill and behavior gaps between low- and high-income kindergarteners and fifth graders

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