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ANSTO is Australia’s only nuclear science and technology facility Home of the new OPAL reactor One of the world’s best nuclear research reactors. The work we do addresses some of the key challenges of our time
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ANSTO is Australia’s only nuclear science and technology facility
The work we do addresses some of the key challenges of our time
ANSTO also produces radiopharmaceuticals
Professor Michael James
August 2010
Areas of Neutron Science
Phase Transitions
Energy
AtomicStructure
Nanotechnology
ComplexFluids
MolecularBiology
Engineered Materials
Cell Biology
Food
MagneticMemory
Research Reactor vs Power Reactor
Power: 20 MW 3000 MW
Uranium: 30 kg 100,000 kg
Temp: 60 C 100 C
Uses: Generates neutrons for Generates steam for
Radioisotopes, Si and Science Electricity
neutrons
energy
neutron
U-235
Neutrons lose energy by colliding with heavy water (D2O) around the core.
This generates heat.
What Happens During Fission?
To Here
From Here
Neutrons travel ~80 m in 0.04 s
Cold Neutrons(-250 C)~800 m/s
Thermal Neutrons(60 C)~2000 m/s
(Cherenkov Radiation)
Neutrons scatter from the nucleus
Scattering depends on isotopes:1H (hydrogen: 1e-, 1p+) is different to2H (deuterium: 1e-, 1p+, 1n)
X-rays
neutrons
X-ray scattering depends on atomic number (Z).
According to neutrons ~99.9999999% of matter is “empty space”
It can be adsorbed.
(neutron radiography)
Allows us to study materials under extreme environments:
Temperature -271 C to 1600 C
Pressure: Up to 10,000 atm
Magnetic Field:12 Tesla
Sometimes, it scatters…
This is what we measure in neutron scattering experiments.
What Happens When a Neutron Hits Matter?
Neutron Scattering
Instruments
at OPAL
TaipanSika
Radiography
Dingo
NANOSTRUCTURES
Polarization Spectrometer
Pelican
Backscattering
Emu
High Speed
Diffractometer
Wombat
USANS
Kookaburra
High Resolution
Diffractometer
Echidna
Reflectometer
Platypus
Residual Stress
Kowari
Quasi-Laue
Diffractometer
Koala
ATOMICSTRUCTURES
Small Angle Scattering
Quokka
Bilby
Gives the location of light elements in the presence of heavy metal atoms.
Battery Materials
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Hydrogen Storage
Monitoring of atomic structure during device application.
(Stress determination to improve the reliability of critical components)
Non-Destructive Testing of Engineered MaterialsNon-destructive mapping of mechanical stresses.
When pipelines get stressed…
Welds, joints, hardening, quenching…Metals, alloys and composites…
From the production line or after use.
Stabilised Polymer Emulsions
Conducting Polymers
Liquid Crystals
Materials used in countless industrial preparations are based on molecular nano-composites
Neutrons and NanotechnologyBiomolecularInteractions
Data in modern digital devices is stored on nanoscale magnetic thin films
Nanoscale Thin Films(Neutron Reflectometry)Study of diseases such as cholera, Alzheimer’s, and pneumonia are possible using artificial cell membranes
Neutrons can probe both structure and magnetism
Vapour given off from explosives can switch-off light-generating molecules called dendrimers
