Chemical Equilibrium Calculation for the Reaction of PCl3 and Cl2 to Form PCl5

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This document explores the equilibrium calculation for the chemical reaction between phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) and chlorine gas (Cl2) to produce phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5). Using the equilibrium constant (K = 0.0870), we derive expressions for the concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium. We discuss the changes in molar concentrations and solve for the values of X representing changes in concentration due to the shift in equilibrium. The final equilibrium concentrations for PCl3, Cl2, and PCl5 are calculated in terms of their atm values.

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Jan 31, 2026

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Chemical Equilibrium Calculation for the Reaction of PCl3 and Cl2 to Form PCl5

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Q = PPCL5 = 0.10 = 0.5 PPCL3 * PCl2 0.30 * 0.60Q (0.58) > K (0.0870) therefore reverse PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g)
K = PPCL5 = (0.10-X) PPCL3 * PCl2 (0.30+X) (0.60+X)PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g)
0.0870= (0.10-X) (0.30+X) (0.60+X) (0.10-X) (0.18 + 0.90X + X2)
0.0870X2 + 0.0783X + 0.0157 = 0.10-X 0.0870X2 + 1.0783X - 0.0843 = 0 X= -1.0783 + (1.0783)2 -4(0.0870)(-0.0843) 2(0.0870)
X= -1.0783 + (1.0783)2 -4(0.0870)(-0.0843) 2(0.0870)X= -1.0783 + 1.0918 = 0.078 0.174PCL3 = 0.30 + 0.078 = 0.378 atmCl2 = 0.60 + 0.078 = 0.678 atmPCl3 = 0.10 – 0.078 = 0.022 atm