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Understanding X-Linked Diseases & Inheritance Patterns

Explore the inheritance patterns of X-linked diseases through illustrated examples of non-carrier female, carrier female, no disease male, and disease male. Learn about likely combinations, genetic diversity, and rarity of disease females.

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Understanding X-Linked Diseases & Inheritance Patterns

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  1. X-LINKED DISEASE ILLUSTRATION X X Non-carrier female X X Carrier female X Y No disease male Y X Disease male X = normal X chromosome X = mutated X chromosome

  2. Likely Combinations Disease female Mother Mother Father Father Mother Mother Father Father

  3. Further Discussion • A disease male will always produce an affected or disease female offspring. • A disease male can only produce a disease male offspring if mated with a disease or carrier female. • Because a female has two X chromosomes, the disease generally needs to be present on both for a disease female to occur. However, mutation that suppresses the “normal” X chromosome would cause a disease female. • When the disease is not common and genetic diversity is adequate, disease females become rare.

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