Translation of Nominal Clauses 名词性从句的翻译

1. Translation of Nominal Clauses名词性从句的翻译 By PYSH

2. 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句

3. 主语从句 由代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句 “It” 作为形式主语

4. 1) 由代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句，一般按原句顺序翻译 • What he told me was a sheer lie. • 他对我说的全是谎言。 • Whatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression. • 一路上所见所闻给我留下了十分深刻的印象。 • Whoever has made a trip to Mt. Huangshan must remember the clouds there. • 凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记那里的云。

5. 2) “It” 作为形式主语翻译时可以提前，也可以不提前 • It doesn‘t make much difference to me whether you come or not. • 你来不来我不在乎。 • It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us. • 她居然对我们说谎，这真是不可思议。 • It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. • 真奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。

6. 宾语从句 • 以that, what, how引导的宾语从句 • 以it作形式宾语的宾语从句

7. 1) 以that, what, how引导的宾语从句一般按原句顺序翻译 • I told him that I had to turn him down. • 我告诉他我不得不拒绝他。 • Did you hear what I said? • 你没听见我的话吗？ • I told him how appealing I found the offer. • 我告诉他，这个机会对我有着多么大的吸引力。

8. Continued • He would never let the history books say of him that he had been content to sit on the sidelines, to be a gentle, leisurely president, letting events take their course. • 他决不肯让将来的史书说他甘当一个袖手旁观、温和懒散、听任事情发展的总统。

9. 2) 以it作形式宾语的宾语从句一般按原句顺序翻译，it可不译出 • I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. • 我明确地告诉他们，论文必须在上午十点之前交。 • Anyhow, old chap, I owe it to you that I am here. • 不管怎么说，老伙计，我现在还能站在这儿，全靠你。

10. 表语从句，一般按原句顺序翻译 • This is where the shoe pinches. • 这正是问题的症结所在。 • Things are not always as they seem to be. • 事物并不总是如其表象。 • What he emphasized again and again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch. • 他再三强调的就是，不管多困难，决不后退半步。

11. One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. • 难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。

12. 同位语从句 • 保持原本的语序 • 译为类似定语的结构或独成一句 • 加入冒号、破折号和“这样”、“这一”、“即”等字眼 • 改变原文的同位语结构，用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出

13. 1) 保持原本的语序 • He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. • 他表示希望能再来中国访问。 • As an obedient son, he had accepted his father’s decision that he was to be a doctor, though the prospect didn’t interest him at all. • 作为一个孝顺儿子，他接受了父亲的决定，去当医生，虽然他对这样的前途毫无兴趣可言。

14. 2) 译为类似定语的结构或独立句 • But I knew I couldn’t trust him. There was the possibility that he was a political swindler. • 但我知道不能轻信他。他是政治骗子这种可能性还是存在的。 • It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay. • 迟延应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。

15. 3) 加入冒号、破折号和“这样”、“这一”、“即”等字眼 • But considering realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. • 但在实事求是地考虑一番之后，我们不得不正视这样一个事实：我们的前景并不妙。 • Influenced by these ethics, the new generation live under the delusion that money does not stink. • 受这种道德观念的影响，青年一代生活在这样一种错觉中，以为金钱总是香喷喷的。

16. 4) 改变原文的同位语结构，用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出 • An order has been given that the researchers who are now in the skylab should be sent back. • 已命令将现在仍在太空实验室的研究人员送回地球。 • Even the most precisely conducted experiments offer no hope that the result can be obtained without any error. • 即使是最精确的实验，也没有希望获得无任何误差的实验结果。