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CONTENTS PART 1. Grammar, Usage, and Style SECTION 1. Punctuation: Major Marks

CONTENTS PART 1. Grammar, Usage, and Style SECTION 1. Punctuation: Major Marks SECTION 2. Punctuation: Other Marks SECTION 3. Capitalization SECTION 4. Numbers SECTION 5. Abbreviations SECTION 6. Plurals and Possessives SECTION 7. Spelling SECTION 8. Compound Words

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CONTENTS PART 1. Grammar, Usage, and Style SECTION 1. Punctuation: Major Marks

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  1. CONTENTS PART 1. Grammar, Usage, and Style SECTION 1.Punctuation: Major Marks SECTION 2.Punctuation: Other Marks SECTION 3.Capitalization SECTION 4.Numbers SECTION 5.Abbreviations SECTION 6.Plurals and Possessives SECTION 7.Spelling SECTION 8.Compound Words SECTION 9.Word Division SECTION 10.Grammar SECTION 11.Usage Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation.

  2. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON REGULAR VERBS (¶1030a) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE ask asked asked asking confirm confirmed confirmed confirming need needed needed needing reveal revealed revealed revealing Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-1

  3. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON REGULAR VERBS (¶1030a) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE maintain maintained maintained maintaining taxi taxied taxied taxiing plan planned planned planning ship shipped shipped shipping Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-2

  4. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON REGULAR VERBS (¶1030a) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE occur occurred occurred occurring compel compelled compelled compelling offer offered offered offering travel traveled traveled traveling Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-3

  5. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON REGULAR VERBS (¶1030a) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE receive received received receiving agree agreed agreed agreeing die died died dying tie tied tied tying Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-4

  6. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON REGULAR VERBS (¶1030a) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE carry carried carried carrying hurry hurried hurried hurrying obey obeyed obeyed obeying annoy annoyed annoyed annoying Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-5

  7. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE am, is, are was, were been being become became become becoming begin began begun beginning break broke broken breaking Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-6

  8. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE bring brought brought bringing buy bought bought buying catch caught caught catching choose chose chosen choosing Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-7

  9. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE come came come coming do drew drawn drawing draw did done doing drink drank drunk drinking Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-8

  10. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE drive drove driven driving eat ate eaten eating fall fell fallen falling feel felt felt feeling Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-9

  11. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE find found found finding fly flew flown flying forget forgot forgotten forgetting forgive forgave forgiven forgiving Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-10

  12. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE get got got OR gotten getting give gave given giving go went gone going grow grew grown growing Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-11

  13. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE hear heard heard hearing hold held held holding keep kept kept keeping know knew known knowing Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-12

  14. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE lay (place) laid laid laying lie (recline) lay lain lying lie (fib) lied lied lying lead led led leading Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-13

  15. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE lend lent lent lending lose lost lost losing make made made making mean meant meant meaning Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-14

  16. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE pay paid paid paying ring rang rung ringing rise rose risen rising run ran run running Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-15

  17. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE say said said saying see saw seen seeing sell sold sold selling send sent sent sending Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-16

  18. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE set set set setting shake shook shaken shaking shrink shrank shrunk shrinking sing sang sung singing Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-17

  19. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE sit sat sat sitting speak spoke spoken speaking swim swam swum swimming swing swung swung swinging Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-18

  20. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE take took taken taking teach taught taught teaching tell told told telling think thought thought thinking Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-19

  21. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS (¶1030b) PAST PRESENT PRESENT PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE throw threw thrown throwing understand understood understood understanding wear wore worn wearing write wrote written writing Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-20

  22. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1001. A verb must agree with its subject in number and person. Iam as pleased with the outcome as youare. Sheis not as competent as shethinks. Wedo a lot more work than hedoes. Hehas more experience than theyhave. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-21

  23. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1002a. If the subject consists of two or more words connected by and, the subject requires a plural verb. My brother and Iare likely to get better test scores than my mother and fatherexpect. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-22

  24. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1002c. If the subject consists of two or more words connected by and, the subject requires a plural verb. However, if the two subjects connected by and are preceded by each, every, or many a, the subjects require a singular verb. A copier and a fax machineare what I need. Every copier and fax machineis on sale. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-23

  25. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1003. If the subject consists of two or more words connected by or, either . . . or, neither . . . nor, or not only . . . but also, use a singular verb if the two subjects are each singular. Either Fran or Bobhas the Kellerman file. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-24

  26. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1004. If the subject consists of two or more words connected by or, either . . . or, neither . . . nor, or not only . . . but also, use a plural verb if the two subjects are each plural. Neither the Kellys nor the Bonoswant our tickets. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-25

  27. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1005. If the subject consists of two or more words connected by or, either . . . or, neither . . . nor, or not only . . . but also, make the verb agree with the nearer subject if one subject is singular and the other is plural. Neither the office manager nor the assistantslike the new policy. Neither the assistants nor the office managerlikes the new policy. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-26

  28. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1005. If the subject consists of two or more words connected by or, either . . . or, neither . . . nor, or not only . . . but also, make the verb agree with the nearer subject if one subject is singular and the other is plural. Neither the assistants nor Iam happy about the new policy. Neither I nor the assistantsare happy about the new policy. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-27

  29. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1006. When establishing agreement between subject and verb, ignore intervening phrases and clauses. The bill for these spreadsheet programs seems high. The prices shown in our catalog do not include sales taxes. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-28

  30. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶¶1006-1007. When establishing agreement between subject and verb, ignore intervening phrases and clauses. This study, along with earlier reports, proves that our high prices, rather than poor service, are responsible for our falling sales. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-29

  31. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶¶1006-1008. When establishing agreement between subject and verb, ignore intervening phrases and clauses. Mrs. Swenson, together with her husband and her daughter, is going to Arizona. One of the reasons for falling sales is our high prices. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-30

  32. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1009a. Use a singular verb when the subject includes such words as each, every, either, or neither. Every employeehas been informed of the new policy. Eachis now responsible for adhering to that policy. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-31

  33. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1010. Use a singular verb when the subject consists of such words as anyone, everybody, something, or no one. Everyoneis required to attend the seminar. Nothingsurprises me anymore. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-32

  34. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1012. Use a plural verb when the subject includes such words as both, few, many, others, or several. Both booksare out of print, but several other titles on the same subject are still available. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-33

  35. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1013. Words like all, none, any, some, more, or most may be singular or plural as subjects, depending on what they refer to. All of the work has been completed. None of the cartons were damaged. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-34

  36. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1018a. When the subject is a noun with a foreign plural ending, be sure to use a plural verb. The criteria that we use are out of date. BUT: The criterion that we use is out of date. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-35

  37. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1018a. When the subject is a noun with a foreign plural ending, be sure to use a plural verb. The analyses of the research data do not agree. BUT: The analysis of the data is incomplete. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-36

  38. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1019a. When the subject is a collective noun (like jury or committee), use a singular verb if the group is acting as a unit. The juryhas agreed on a verdict. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-37

  39. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1019b. When the subject is a collective noun (like jury or committee), use a plural verb if the members of the group are acting separately. The juryhave not yet agreed on a verdict. BETTER: The members of the jury have not yet agreed on a verdict. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-38

  40. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1023. When the subject is the number, use a singular verb. When the subject is a number, use a plural verb. The number of accidents at the corner is alarming. A large number of accidents have occurred there. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-39

  41. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1025a. When the subject includes a phrase like one-half of, a percentage of, or the rest of, use a singular verb if a singular noun follows of or is implied. Two-thirds of the job has been completed; the remaining thirdis scheduled for completion by this Friday. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-40

  42. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1025b. When the subject includes a phrase like one-half of, a percentage of, or the rest of, use a plural verb if a plural noun follows of or is implied. A large percentage of the voters support your plan. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-41

  43. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1027. When the verb comes before the subject, make sure that they agree. What procedures amI expected to follow? Enclosed is a copy of the e-mail sent by Mr. Polk. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-42

  44. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1028a. When a sentence begins with there is, here are, or a similar phrase, the real subject follows the verb. Use a singular verb if the subject is singular. There is a vast difference between the two plans. Here is the first draft of my manuscript. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-43

  45. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1028a. When a sentence begins with there is, here are, or a similar phrase, the real subject follows the verb. Use a plural verb if the subject is plural. There are over 50 applicants for this job. Here are the budget analyses you asked for. What are the criteria we should use? Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-44

  46. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT ¶1029. When a sentence contains a linking verb (such as become or some form of to be), make sure that the verb agrees with the subject. Bicyclesare the only product we make. The only product we make is bicycles. The key issueis higher wages. Higher wagesare the key issue. Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-45

  47. PERSONAL PRONOUNS ¶1054a. Use one of the following forms when a personal pronoun is the subject of a verb. FIRST SECOND THIRD PERSON PERSON PERSON Singular: I you he, she, it Plural: we you they Marcia and I can do it. (NOT: Marcia and me.) Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-46

  48. PERSONAL PRONOUNS ¶1054a. Use one of the following forms when a personal pronoun is the subject of a verb. FIRST SECOND THIRD PERSON PERSON PERSON Singular: I you he, she, it Plural: we you they Ted and she did a fine job. (NOT: Ted and her.) Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-47

  49. PERSONAL PRONOUNS ¶1054a. Use one of the following forms when a personal pronoun is the subject of a verb. FIRST SECOND THIRD PERSON PERSON PERSON Singular: I you he, she, it Plural: we you they The Levys and we met yesterday. (NOT: The Levys and us.) Click the mouse button or press the space bar to advance the presentation. Slide 10-48

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