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Impacts of industrialization on the quality of the environment

Impacts of industrialization on the quality of the environment. Introduction. Major points for study. Introducing various types of pollution (air, water, land and noise) caused by industrial activities Reviewing the features of urban climate (climate of an industrial city)

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Impacts of industrialization on the quality of the environment

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  1. Impacts of industrialization on the quality of the environment Introduction

  2. Major points for study • Introducing various types of pollution (air, water, land and noise) caused by industrial activities • Reviewing the features of urban climate (climate of an industrial city) • Assessing the impacts (both positive and negative) of industrialization on the quality of environment

  3. How serious pollution problem is? • 理大研究發現，香港受區域污染嚴重影響，令郊外的米埔空氣質素，有時比車來車往的紅磡海底隧道入口一帶更為惡劣。 • 為了解珠三角工廠對區域污染及本港影響，理大在今年農曆新年前後及工廠新年停工期間，在米埔及鄰近紅隧入口的理大天台監察懸浮粒子，結果發現，工廠新年停工期間的AOT多為0.3的一般水平，而且理大與米埔的懸浮粒子水平相若。不過假期結束後，懸浮粒子濃度升，最高試過AOT達0.8，逾半日子是0.4或以上。最令人嘖嘖稱奇，是米埔的懸浮粒子水平較理大高一倍。 • 理大土地測量及地理資訊學系副教授李真說﹕「當我們以為九龍最中心地帶的空氣一定很差，卻有趣地發現，鄰近中港邊界的米埔污染更嚴重，想不到米埔會比九龍（空氣質素）更糟。」她認為，結果反映本港受區域污染直接影響，而內地廠房是香港一個很主要的污染源。 • 懸浮粒子的來源，包括火力發電、汽車運輸或工廠生產工序，李真說，現階段研究未能追溯個別地區或廠房的污染量，將有待繼續追查污染源頭。

  4. What is environmental quality? • Environment = external conditions outside oneself • Environmental conditions = material elements + non-material elements • Physical + chemical + biological characteristics of material elements  quality of environment

  5. What is pollution? • Pollution = any changes in material elements  health, survival and activities of organisms in an undesirable way • Major types of pollution caused by industries: • Air, water, noise and land pollution

  6. Why is manufacturing a significant modifier of environment? Consider: • Inputs (materials, energy) • Manufacturing processes • Outputs (harmful output) to environment

  7. Types of pollution caused by industries • Air pollution • Water pollution • Noise pollution • Land pollution • Thermal pollution • Visual pollution

  8. Types of industries • Heavy and complex processing industries, e.g. petroleum refining, petrochemical industries • Water-demanding industries, e.g. textile, bleaching and dyeing, iron and steel industries • Light industries, e.g. electronics, toy

  9. Food and beverage industry Building materials industry Chemical and chemical products industry Drug and pharmaceutical industry Electric and electronic industry Footwear industry Furniture and fixtures industry IT industry Leather and allied products industry Machinery industry Metal industry (ferrous & non-ferrous) Mining industry Motor vehicle industry Paper industry Petroleum products industry Plastic industry Power generation Rubber & synthetics rubber products industry & rubber industry Telecommunication Textile industry Timber industry Examples of industries

  10. References • Guinness & Nagle, Advanced Geography: Concepts & Cases (910 GUI 8826) • Pollution of the natural environment CH.14 • Pollution: an overview 482-484 • Air pollution 485-489 • Land pollution 489-502 • Water Pollution 502-508 • Greenhouse effect & global warming • 510-512 • Lines, A Level Geography (910 GEO 7881) Pollution 258-268

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