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e-Bug Research Period Findings

e-Bug Research Period Findings. Research Report. The science school curriculum content associate partner countries Public antibiotic or hand hygiene campaigns and existing websites Pattern of antibiotic use, infectious disease and countries customs and cultures

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e-Bug Research Period Findings

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  1. e-BugResearch Period Findings

  2. Research Report • The science school curriculum content associate partner countries • Public antibiotic or hand hygiene campaigns and existing websites • Pattern of antibiotic use, infectious disease and countries customs and cultures • Details of Stakeholders who would be interested in the use and dissemination of the packs • Details of other pan-European campaigns

  3. Belgium Czech Republic Denmark France Great Britain Greece Italy Poland Portugal Spain Methods • A questionnaire was devised for distribution to each Associated partner • Teacher focus groups were carried out in the UK

  4. The science school curriculum content associate partner countries • Public antibiotic or hand hygiene campaigns and existing websites • Pattern of antibiotic use, infectious disease and countries customs and cultures • Details of Stakeholders who would be interested in the use and dissemination of the packs • Details of other pan-European campaigns

  5. Objectives • Examine the educational structure across each associate partner country • Assess what children are being taught in school with regards to • good and bad microbes • hand hygiene • respiratory hygiene • antibiotic use • vaccines • Decide where and how e-Bug will fit into the curriculum

  6. Student Age (years) Belgium FR Belgium FL Belgium GR Czech Republic Denmark France Great Britain ENG Great Britain WAL Great Britain NIR Great Britain SCO Greece Italy Poland Portugal Spain Junior packs Senior packs Pre school Lower Secondary Primary Upper Secondary Compulsory Full Time Education Education Structure across Europe 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

  7. Associate and Collaborating Countries 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Belgium FR Belgium FL Belgium GR Czech Republic Denmark France Great Britain ENG Great Britain WAL Great Britain NIR Great Britain SCO 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Croatia Greece Finland Italy Hungary Poland Ireland Latvia Portugal Lithuania Spain Slovakia Slovenia Junior packs Senior packs

  8. About micro organisms? The difference between bacteria, virus and fungi? About good and bad microbes? That microbes are found everywhere There are different species of bacteria CZ FR GB EL IT PL Primary Lower Secondary Included Not Included Curriculum contentMicrobes

  9. Curriculum contentMicrobes • Children are taught about microbes at both Junior and Senior schools • With the exception of France and Great Britain, children are taught about the different types of microbes in both Junior and Senior Schools

  10. The importance of hand hygiene? How to wash their hands properly? That microbes can spread via unclean hands? The difference between clean and sterile ? When to wash their hands, before eating, etc? CZ FR GB EL IT PL Primary Lower Secondary Included Not Included Curriculum contentHand Hygiene

  11. Curriculum contentHand Hygiene • All countries include structured hand hygiene in the curriculum of both Junior and Senior schools • All countries teach that disease can spread via unclean hands • None of the countries teach the recommended 8 steps of hand washing at Junior school level

  12. Primary Lower Secondary Included Not Included Curriculum Contentrespiratory hygiene The difference between a cold/flu? That a virus causes the flu? That sneezing can spread germs? To cover their mouth when they sneeze? Why they should do this? CZ FR GB EL IT PL

  13. Curriculum contentrespiratory hygiene • All countries teach the importance of covering the mouth and nose when sneezing • All countries teach that disease can spread via sneezing • The difference between the cold/flu is only taught in senior schools with the exception of Greece and Poland

  14. Primary Lower Secondary Included Not Included Curriculum contentAntibiotic use Antibiotics kill bacteria Antibiotics do not kill viruses Antibiotics also kill the good bacteria Antibiotics do not cure the cough/flu The importance of finishing a course of antibiotics Bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics How bacteria become resistant to antibiotics. Antibiotic resistant bacteria are becoming a problem in hospitals CZ FR GB EL IT PL

  15. Curriculum contentAntibiotic use • All countries teach that antibiotics are used to treat infection • Detail of education on antibiotics varies across Europe • Education on antibiotic resistance is limited across Europe • Only 2 out of 6 countries teach that antibiotic resistance is a serious problem

  16. Primary Secondary Belgium Science Science Czech Republic Science* Science Biology Chemistry Homeland study Denmark Science Science France Science Science Great Britain Science Science Biology PSHE Greece Science Science Italy Science Science Poland Science Science Perio Religion Portugal Science Science Spain Science Science Where e-Bug fits into the Curriculum * And in Slovenia, Slovakia and Latvia science (natural and social) account for the largest portion of time in the curriculum.

  17. IT Information (:) (:) * * * Mostly dial up connection (:) Information unknown

  18. The science school curriculum content associate partner countries • Public antibiotic or hand hygiene campaigns and existing websites • Pattern of antibiotic use, infectious disease and countries customs and cultures • Details of Stakeholders who would be interested in the use and dissemination of the packs • Details of other pan-European campaigns

  19. 1(b) Public Campaigns • We asked AP’s to provide details of national public campaigns in: • Hand Washing • Antibiotics • Respiratory Hygiene • Campaigns categorised into target audience: • Health Service • General Public • School aged children

  20. Overall Summary • Details of 58 Campaigns • Deep information websites • Focusing on detailed information • Message based campaigns • Focusing on a small number of key points

  21. Examples

  22. What types of media are being used for campaigns? • For each topic • Who are campaigns aimed at? • What are common messages?

  23. Media Poster Folder / Pack CD Website TV Novelties Leaflets Radio Newspaper Event Book BG FR GB EL IT PL Used in campaigns Not used in campaigns

  24. Hand Washing Visuals

  25. Hand Washing Visuals

  26. Health Service General Public (adult) School Aged BG FR GB EL IT PL Targets this audience Does not target this audience Hand Washing – Who

  27. Wash to avoid infection spread Wash your hands (without reason) Hand Washing Technique BG FR GB EL IT PL Used in campaigns Not used in campaigns Hand Washing Messages

  28. Hand Washing Slogans • The Infections Stop Here (FR) • Hands Carry the Infections (FR) • Progress Passes Through You (FR) • Wash Your Hands • Wash hands / avoid infection (BELG) • Summer in good hands (BELG) • Together we can fight infection (UK) • Hands up for hygiene (UK) • Don’t cross them, wash them (UK)

  29. Hand Washing Slogans “a simple gesture can limit the risk of infection” (FR)

  30. Hand Washing - Slogans “Hands up for hygiene” (UK)

  31. Antibiotics Visuals

  32. Antibiotics Visuals

  33. BG FR GB EL IT PL Used in campaigns Not used in campaigns Antibiotics Who Health Service General Public (adult) School Aged

  34. Use antibiotics for right things Always finish your course Preserve effective antibiotics Don’t overuse antibiotics Antimicrobial resistance BG FR GB EL IT PL Used in campaigns Not used in campaigns Antibiotics Messages

  35. Antibiotics Slogans • Use antibiotics less, and in the right way (BELG) • Use them for the right reason (BELG) • Antibiotics aren’t automatic (FR) • Don’t Wear Me Out (UK) • Ask about your antibiotics (UK) • Antibiotics Don’t Work on Colds • “Safe Drugs” (POL)

  36. Respiratory Hygiene - Visuals

  37. Respiratory Hygiene - Visuals

  38. Health Service General Public (adult) School Aged BG FR GB EL IT PL Respiratory Hygiene - Who Targets this audience Doesn’t Target this audience

  39. Get your vaccination Cold / flu information Sinus infection information BG FR GB EL IT PL Used in campaigns Not used in campaigns Respiratory Hygiene Messages

  40. Respiratory Hygiene Slogans • Adopt these gestures to protect us (FR) • Coughs and sneezes spread diseases (UK) • Sneeze in your sleeve (Sweden, Canada, USA) • Often, no repeated or iconic ‘slogans’ • Mainly information focused

  41. Section 1(b) - Summary • No overall ‘European’ look of campaigns • No single defining characters or slogans • Lack of existing campaigns aimed at school pupils in antibiotics usage • Lack of respiratory hygiene campaigns that focus on spread of infection

  42. The science school curriculum content associate partner countries • Public antibiotic or hand hygiene campaigns and existing websites • Pattern of antibiotic use, infectious disease and countries customs and cultures • Details of Stakeholders who would be interested in the use and dissemination of the packs • Details of other pan-European campaigns

  43. 1(c) Patterns of… • We asked AP’s to give us details of patterns of: • Antibiotic Usage • Population Dynamics • Infection • Focus on important results for e-Bug • Differences between countries • Important messages • Interesting results

  44. Antibiotic Availability • In all countries, antibiotics only available with prescription • Exception: Greece allows prescription and over counter • UK and Poland allow very limited topical antibiotic OTC

  45. Antibiotics - Advertising • Across all countries, no advertising to public Exception: Czech Republic, where advertising allowed in all media

  46. Antibiotics - Usage • Reasons for over-prescribing • Patient pressure • Caution • Including the inability to properly diagnose. • Socio-cultural factors

  47. Population Dynamics • Across Europe there is a significant mix of race • In e-Bug we will ensure that there is a mix of race in human characters • The national language is taught to all citizens • No need for multiple language versions of e-Bug for any country Exception: Belgium

  48. Patterns of Infection • No strong themes relevant for e-Bug as a whole • Individual countries may have pack tailored to their country’s recent outbreaks.

  49. The science school curriculum content associate partner countries • Public antibiotic or hand hygiene campaigns and existing websites • Pattern of antibiotic use, infectious disease and countries customs and cultures • Details of Stakeholders who would be interested in the use and dissemination of the packs • Details of other pan-European school education campaigns

  50. Stakeholders • During pack development • Ministries of Health • Ministries of Education • Schools / Teachers • For Pack Implementation • Schools / teachers • Education Shows • Outreach Programmes • Microbiological Societies

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