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Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology. Lessons 1. Basic Body Structure Go 2. Disease and Immunity Go. T ABLE O F C ONTENTS. Lesson 1 – Anatomy and Physiology. Anatomy Physiology Body structures are organized into levels. Lesson 1 – Cells.

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Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

  2. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Lessons 1. Basic Body Structure Go 2. Disease and Immunity Go TABLE OF CONTENTS

  3. Lesson 1 – Anatomy and Physiology • Anatomy • Physiology • Body structures are organized into levels

  4. Lesson 1 – Cells • Cells • Functions of life

  5. Lesson 1 – Parts of Cells • Cell membrane • Cytoplasm • Nucleus

  6. Lesson 1 – Organelles • Organelles • In addition to the nucleus, important organelles include: • Mitochondria • Ribosomes • Endoplasmic reticulum • Centrioles • Golgi apparatus • Lysosomes

  7. Lesson 1 – Metabolism • Metabolism • Anabolism • Catabolism

  8. Lesson 1 – Cell Reproduction: Mitosis • Mitosis • Supports the growth and maintenance of cells • Cells go through the process at different rates.

  9. Lesson 1 – Cell Reproduction: Mitosis (Continued) • Steps in mitosis

  10. Lesson 1 – Cell Reproduction: Meiosis • Meiosis • 23 chromosomes • Zygote

  11. Lesson 1 – Tissue • Tissue • Four major groups of tissue: • Epithelial • Connective • Muscle • Nervous

  12. Lesson 1 – Organs and Systems • Organ • System

  13. Lesson 1 – Organs and Systems (Continued) • The major body systems include: • Integumentary system • Skeletal system • Muscular system • Nervous system • Sensory system • Cardiovascular system • Lymphatic system • Respiratory system • Digestive system • Urinary system • Endocrine system • Reproductive system

  14. Lesson 2– Homeostasis • Keeping a state of balance in the body • Must preserve a balance of fluids, temperature, oxygen, electrolytes, and nutrients for survival.

  15. Lesson 2– Interdependence of Body Systems • Systems must work together in order to support human life • Problem in one system may have effects on other systems

  16. Lesson 2– Abnormal Cell Conditions • Atrophy • Hyperplasia • Metaplasia • Dsyplasia • Neoplasia

  17. Lesson 2– Tumors • Formed when cells divide in an unusual way and an abnormal and uncontrolled growth occurs • Two types of tumors: • benign tumor • malignant tumor

  18. Lesson 2– Cancer • Common sites of cancer include: • Mouth • Lungs • Breast • Colon • Uterus • Bone marrow • Warning signs and treatment vary with the area affected. Treatment involves surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

  19. Lesson 2– Immunity • Body’s ability to resist invaders and diseases they cause • Two general types: • Natural immunity • Acquired immunity

  20. Lesson 2– Natural Immunity • Some diseases that affect other animals normally do not affect human beings. • Body systems work together to provide defenses against invaders • physically • chemically

  21. Lesson 2– Acquired Immunity • Natural acquired immunity • Artificial acquired immunity • Passive acquired immunity • Active acquired immunity

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