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Remote Sensing Systems

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This document explores the historical significance of Thaddeus Lowe's contributions to balloon technology and the CIA's Corona Program (1960-1972), which utilized advanced electro-optical systems for reconnaissance. It highlights the development of remote sensing platforms, including the U-2 Spy Plane, and the operational details of the Corona missions, such as spatial and spectral resolution of captured images. Key events such as the recovery processes, significant missions, and locations of interest like the Kremlin and the Baykonur launch complex are examined, showcasing the program's impact on intelligence and surveillance.

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Remote Sensing Systems

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  1. Thaddeus Lowe’s Balloon Corona System Electro-optical systems (Landsat, Terra, AVHRR, SeaWiFS, GOES, VCL, etc.) Balloon,telescope ,telegraph Space craft,camera,film drop Space craft,scanner or push broom instrument,digital transmission Remote Sensing Systems Platform, sensing device, data transmission

  2. U-2 Spy Plane 1954-1960Flew at 70,000’ over USSR air defenses

  3. U-2 Spy Plane 1954-1960Flew at 70,000’ over USSR air defenses

  4. U-2 Spy Plane 1955-1960Mr. Powers shot down over USSR in 1960 Mr. Gary Powers, after release from Lubianka

  5. CIA’s Corona Program1960-1972 >100 missions Followed after U-2s… Platform: Spacecraft Sensor: Camera Data System: Film Drop Started: August 1960 Coverage: 7.6 Bil mi2 Spatial Resolution: early missions @ 13 m, later missions @ 2 m Spectral Resolution: visible and visible-near infrared (both film) Radiometric Resolution: equivalent 24 to 26 (4 to 6 bits)

  6. CIA’s Corona Programreentry with air capture

  7. CIA’s Corona Program

  8. CIA’s Corona ProgramWashington Monument 1967

  9. CIA’s Corona ProgramLop Nor - Chinese A-bomb test site 1964

  10. 1968 USA Corona Coverage

  11. Corona Single Mission Coverage Mecca Emphasis on Communist Block 10-14 day missions

  12. Declassified Corona Images Film strip Film strips ordered from USGS Digitized Analyzed in Adobe PS “Full” Resolution (10-20 m)

  13. 1960 Corona Staffing for Analyses

  14. Gen. Osmond Ritland & film pod Rocket motors to prevent pod burn up on reentry Later replaced with pressure gas jets

  15. Dolon Airbase; Corona 8/20/1966FH-4A Mission 1036

  16. Dolon Airbase; Corona 8/20/19066full-resolution ~5m panchromatic

  17. Corona Looks at Kremlin 1965

  18. Corona Looks at Kremlin in 1960 Red Square Lenin’s tomb Line to view stiff Kremlin wall Gum Dept. Store

  19. Corona views the Pentagon 1962

  20. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1969 Twin launch towers Kerosene & oxygen fuel tanks Support structures

  21. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1969 Twin launch complexes

  22. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1970 Rocket on launch pad Launch tower Support structures

  23. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Baykonur, Kazakistan 1970 Massive Explosion As before

  24. N-1 Lunar Rocket Launch Complex Before 1969 explosion After 1969 explosion

  25. Corona over New London 1967

  26. Corona over New London 1967Full Resolution

  27. Books about Corona Program

  28. Corona spies on the RomansCirca 100 A.D. Syria

  29. Corona camera operation Corona Film Strip

  30. Corona camera operation Corona Film Strip

  31. Corona Program De-orbiting

  32. Corona Parachute Deployment

  33. Corona Recovery Process

  34. Corona Recovery Aircraft

  35. Corona Reentry Pod Acquistion

  36. Corona Recovery Deployment

  37. Corona Reentry Overview

  38. Corona’s First Mission August 1960 ~13 m spatial resolution

  39. Corona Specifications Agena 3rd stage: 60” diameter 4 to 20 ‘ long Dry Weight: 800 to 1120 pounds Orbit: Sun synchronous, 500 km 1960 ? 1972

  40. “Hot Spot” Intelligence 1967 Arab-Israeli War 10 m spatial resolution

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