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Naming Acids

Naming Acids. Objectives: To learn how the anion composition determines the acid’s name. What is an Acid?. An acid is a substance that when dissolved in water, produces the H + ion. These substances, which are called acids, were first recognized by the sour taste of their solutions.

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Naming Acids

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  1. Naming Acids Objectives: To learn how the anion composition determines the acid’s name.

  2. What is an Acid? • An acid is a substance that when dissolved in water, produces the H+ ion. • These substances, which are called acids, were first recognized by the sour taste of their solutions.

  3. Acids make hydrogen ions in water • When acids are put into water they split into ions • Any compound that makes the H+ ion is considered an acid

  4. How do I know if a compound is an acid? • The best way is to look at the formula of a couple of acids and see what they have in common. • Common acids include: • HCl H2SO4 H3PO4 HF H2S • What do they have in common? • They start with the element hydrogen

  5. Exceptions • H2O is not an acid • H2 is the element hydrogen. It isn’t a acid either. • On your paper circle the compounds that are acids

  6. Acids with ions ending in -ide • All acids have anions. Identify the anions that are contained in the acids below. • HCl _______________________ • HBr ____________________ • HCN ____________________

  7. Binary Acids • List the rules for naming acids of this type (ions that end in –ide) • 1. Say hydro- • 2. Then say the stem Cl- chlor Br- -brom F- -fluor S2- -sulfur and so on … • 3. Then say acid

  8. How are acids named? • Start by observing that there are two different kinds of acids. • -ide ending -ate or -ite ending

  9. Naming acids without oxygen in them • Name HCl • H Cl • Hydro chlor ic acid • Hydrochloric acid • Name HBr • H Br • Hydro brom ic acid • Hydrobromic acid

  10. Identify the polyatomic ions that are contained in the acids below • HNO3 • Nitrate • HNO2 • Nitrite • HClO3 • Chlorate • HClO2 • Chlorite

  11. Separate the ions into -ate and -ite • HNO3 • Nitrate • HNO2 • Nitrite • HClO3 • Chlorate • HClO2 • Chlorite

  12. When naming acids that contain polyatomic ions whose names end in –ate • 1st change the –ate to ______________ and then say _________________ • When naming acids that contain polyatomic ions whose names end in –ite • 1st change the –ite to ______________ and then say _________________

  13. Name the acids below using the rules I just taught you. • HNO3 ________________________ • HNO2 __________________________ • HClO3 _________________________ • HClO2 _________________________

  14. Name the acids • HCN • hydrocyanic acid • H2C2O4 • Oxalic acid

  15. Name the acids below using the rules I just taught you. • HCl • H2CO3 • HNO2 • HC2H3O2 • HBr

  16. H2SO4 and H3PO4 • SO42- is sulfate. PO43- is phosphate. However, H2SO4 is sulfuric acid not sulfic acid and H3PO4 is phosphoric not phosphic acid.

  17. Here are some polyatomic ions that are not on page 100 • BrO4- Perbromate • BrO3- Bromate • IO3- isIodate • PO33- is phosphite • C2O42- is oxalate

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