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Analyzing the Impact of Charter Schools: A Multi-Location Study on Student Outcomes

This comprehensive study utilizes a large, multi-location dataset across 14 states and two major districts to assess student outcomes in charter schools from 2004-2008. Employing two innovative methods—student fixed effects and virtual control records—we conducted head-to-head comparisons to evaluate charter school performance. Findings reveal significant variations in outcomes by student subgroup, location, and individual school performance. The implications highlight the balance of accountability and flexibility in charter school policies, with a focus on quality education and equitable access.

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Analyzing the Impact of Charter Schools: A Multi-Location Study on Student Outcomes

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  1. Choices for Studying ChoiceDev DavisMacke Raymond

  2. Study Approach • One large multi-location dataset • 14 states plus two large districts • Student-level results • 2004-2005 through 2007-2008 • Two methods • Student fixed effects • Virtual control records • Two comparisons • Head-to-head comparison of the methods • Policy analysis

  3. Virtual Control Record Process Charter School Student Feeder School(s) Students Provide List of Potential Match Schools • MATCHING VARIABLES: • Race/ethnicity • Gender • English proficiency • Lunch status • Special education status • Grade level Find Matches Based on Demographic Variables Eliminate Matches Who Attend Charter Schools • MATCHING VARIABLE: • Test scores from t0 Match Test Scores Virtual Control Records Match rate is 86%

  4. Head-to-Head Comparison * Significant at p ≤ 0.05 ** Significant at p ≤ 0.01

  5. Policy AnalysisNational Charter Performance * Significant at p ≤ 0.05 ** Significant at p ≤ 0.01

  6. Summary of Findings • Charter school results vary by student subgroup. • Positive for low income, English learners • Other groups mixed or negative • Charter school results vary by location. • Positive for 6 locations in math & reading • Negative for 4 locations in math & reading • Charter school results vary by school. • Positive for 19% of schools in math; 19% in reading • Negative for 33% of schools in math; 21% in reading

  7. Policy Implications • Closure rate comparison • Small businesses: 50 percent • Charter schools: 15 percent • Accountability side of flexibility-for-accountability equation is important for quality. • Authorizing & renewal • Publicly available information & comparisons • Other possibilities • School age • Affiliation with charter networks • State charter school policies

  8. Thank You 8

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