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Synoptic Gospels. Vocab. Gospel = Good News Message of Christ & salvation Also preaching/writing that message Synoptic: “seen together” Many similarities with each other Telling the story Four Evangelists Spreading the Word Gospel Writers Matthew, Mark, Luke, John. Age.
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Vocab • Gospel = Good News • Message of Christ & salvation • Also preaching/writing that message • Synoptic: “seen together” • Many similarities with each other • Telling the story • Four Evangelists • Spreading the Word • Gospel Writers • Matthew, Mark, Luke, John
Age • Tradition: Matthew is the oldest • Later scholarship puts Mark first • First Century AD (within a generation or two) • Mark: 67-73 AD • Matthew & Luke: 80s AD
“Q” • Unknown author • Lost to us now • Common stories for Matthew & Luke • Mark had his own sources • Matthew & Luke also had unique sources • M & L, respectively
Symbolism • Many early Christians illiterate • Pictures became universal symbols • Gospel writers had a symbol • All symbols have wings: angels & heaven • Matthew: man – reason & Incarnation • Mark: lion - courage • Luke: ox - sacrifice
Mark • Disciple of Peter • Writing in Rome • Audience: Romans & other Gentiles • Highlights deeds, not words • Follow in the footsteps of Jesus (WWJD) • Uniquely: begins with his baptism • Skips the nativity & childhood
Mark’s Jesus • Son of God • “Christ” / Messiah • Son of Man: a prophecy from Daniel about the Messiah’s title • Suffering Servant of man (Isaiah’s servant songs) • Come in glory but also suffer and sacrifice • Human • Angry • Curses a fig tree • People do think poorly of him • Sleeps
Matthew • A Jewish scribe • Connected with the apostle Matthew • Writing for his fellow Jewish Christians • Criticizes other Jewish communities • Only Gospel to mention organization & rules • Jewish elements: • Fulfillment of the Messiah prophecies (“Son of David”) • References to Israel & Scripture quotes
Jesus as the New Moses • Emphasis of Jesus as a teacher • Title of Rabbi • 5 major “books” within Matthew, each centered on a sermon • Jesus gives a New Law, replacing the Old Law of Moses • New Covenant of Jeremiah
Luke • Gentile Christian • Also wrote the Acts of the Apostles • Doctor, traveling companion of St. Paul • St. Paul was the major evangelist to the non-Jews in early Christianity • Audience: other Gentile Christians (Hellenistic culture)
Luke, cont’d • Highlights Jerusalem as a physical center of the faith • 2 Themes • Gospel a cause for celebration • Jesus saves Jews & Gentiles alike • Let Jesus into our hearts so that we may be transformed
Jesus in Luke • Forgiving • Dines with tax collectors & sinners • “Father, forgive them; they know not what they do” (Lk 23:34) • Gentleness, compassion & sensitivity • Healing love • Openness to women (praise of his mother) • Jesus seeks out the outcasts • Lepers & Samaritans