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Reproduction

Reproduction. Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System. 1. Outline: Male Reproductive System. A) Path of sperm B) Function of seminal fluid C) Hormone regulation. A) Path of sperm. Sperm is separated into 3 parts 1) Head- nucleus (23 chromosomes)

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Reproduction

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  1. Reproduction Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System

  2. 1. Outline: Male Reproductive System • A) Path of sperm • B) Function of seminal fluid • C) Hormone regulation

  3. A) Path of sperm • Sperm is separated into 3 parts 1) Head- nucleus (23 chromosomes) -acrosome (contains enzymes to break through egg) 2) Midpiece- contain mitochondria (produce ATP for tail) 3) Tail- movement

  4. A) Path of sperm • Sperm is made in the seminiferous tubules in the testes (scrotum is the pouch of skin that encloses the testes)

  5. A) Path of sperm • Sperm moves into the epididymis -sperm matures

  6. A) Path of sperm • Sperm flows into the vas deferens -Leads away from testes

  7. A) Path of sperm • Sperm flows past 3 accessory glands that produce seminal fluid -Seminal vesicles -Prostate gland -Cowper’s glands (AKA Bulbourethral glands)

  8. A) Path of sperm • Flows into Urethra where it exits the penis

  9. A) Path of sperm

  10. B) Function of seminal fluid • 2 Seminal vesicles -Alkaline fluid- neutralizes acidic vagina -Fructose, -Prostaglandins • 1 Prostate gland -Alkaline fluid- neutralizes acidic vagina -Zinc- maintains healthy sperm (stable DNA) -Citrate- energy • 2 Cowper’s glands -Pre-ejaculate of Alkaline fluid to neutralize acid urine in urethra

  11. C) Hormone regulation • Hypothalamus in brain secretes Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) • GnRH stimulate the anterior pituitary in brain to secrete Gonadotropic hormones a) Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH) -Promotes production of sperm in seminiferous tubules b) Luteinizing Hormone (LH) -stimulates testosterone production by interstitial cells of testes

  12. C) Hormone regulation • Cross section of a rabbit testicle -Large round = seminiferous tubules -Small triangular = interstitial cells

  13. C) Hormone regulation Testosterone Steroid hormone (lipid) Made in the SER brings about and maintains 2° sex characteristics -deeper voice -body and facial hair -muscle development -oils (acne) and sweat (stinky)

  14. C) Hormone regulation Hormone feedback loop

  15. What should I know? 1. Identify and give functions for each of the following: – testes (seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells) – scrotum, epididymis, ductus (vas) deferens – prostate gland, Cowper’s glands, seminal vesicles – penis, urethra 2. Describe the path of sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the urethral opening 3. List the components of the seminal fluid (as contributed by the Cowper’s glands, prostate gland, and seminal vesicles), and describe the functions of each component 4. Identify the tail (flagellum), midpiece, head, and acrosome of a mature sperm and state their functions 5. Describe the functions of testosterone 6. Describe the homeostatic regulation of testosterone levels by the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and testes

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