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Framing Cognitive Science. Understanding Behavior of Complex Systems. Examples of Complex Systems. Inputs ==================== Outputs Automobile Human Computer. Framing Cognitive Science. Understanding Behavior of Complex Systems Understanding “Mind ”
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Framing Cognitive Science Understanding Behavior of Complex Systems
Examples of Complex Systems Inputs ==================== Outputs • Automobile • Human • Computer
Framing Cognitive Science Understanding Behavior of Complex Systems Understanding “Mind” Emergence
Theoretical Approaches to Behavior Nature Nurture
What did Charlie Do? Killed fourteen people and injured dozens more in a little over ninety minutes.
Bad Nature? When Charlie’s body was autopsied doctors discovered a small tumor in his brain
Bad Nurture? • Domineering father • Personal failure • Development of a “Sick” mind?
Charlie’s Explanation • “It was after much thought that I decided to kill my wife, Kathy, tonight after I pick her up from work at the telephone company,” he revealed. “The prominent reason in my mind is that I truly do not consider this world worth living in, and am prepared to die, and I do not want to leave her to suffer alone in it.” He continued, “similar reasons provoked me to take my mother’s life also.”
Warning Signs “….help of Dr. Heatly some months before, and Heatly released all his records regarding him to the public. Because Charlie had told Heatly of his fantasy of killing people from the tower during his one appointment…
Theoretical Approaches to Behavior Nature Nurture
Nature Emphasis on The Body • Brain • Central Nervous System • Endocrine System (Hormones) • Genetics • Evolution • Ecology
Theoretical Approaches to Behavior Nature Nurture HardwareSoftware
Nurture • Influence of Environment (outside of the body) • Emphasis on Learning & Experience
Computer Metaphor Hardware versus Software
Galton’s Infamy • Darwin’s Cousin • Hereditary Genius • Genealogies of the rich and famous • Mental abilities inherited • Coined Nature-Nurture • Female Inferiority • Racial Differences & Eugenics
Agassiz on Race • Polygenist • “As much as I try to feel pity at the sight of this degraded and degenerate race, as much as their fate fills me with compassion in thinking of them as really men, it is impossible for me to repress the feeling that they are not of the same blood”
Socrates Innate Knowledge
John Locke Tabula Rasa: Mind as Blank Slate