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Animal Testing Controversies: Ethics, Challenges, and Emerging Issues

Explore the ethical debates and challenges surrounding animal testing in modern science. Discover the viewpoints of academics, researchers, and animal rights activists. Learn about emerging issues, alternative methods, and the push for ethical guidelines in experimentation. Delve into the moral dilemmas, regulatory frameworks, and the future of animal testing. Join the dialogue on ethics, advancements, and the humane treatment of animals in scientific research.

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Animal Testing Controversies: Ethics, Challenges, and Emerging Issues

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  1. CONTROVERSIES AND ETHICSOF ANIMAL TESTING: EMERGING ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES By Prof. Dr. P. V. S. KISHORE, Ph.D., FNAVS, FIAVA Professor & Head Department of Veterinary Anatomy SV Veterinary University, INDIA

  2. ANIMAL TESTINGHIGHLY CONTROVERSIAL ISSUE UNIQUE TO MODERN SCIENCE FAVOUR • ACADEMICIANS • RESEARCHERS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • CONTROVERSIES AGAINST • ANIMAL RIGHTS ACTIVISTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • ETHICS KISHORE

  3. ACADEMICIANS & RESEARCHERS • SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS • ANTIBIOTICS, DRUGS, VACCINES • MEDICAL PROCEDURES, TOXICOLOGY • XENO TRANSPANTATION OF ORGANS SAVED HUMAN LIVES KISHORE

  4. ANIMAL RIGHTS ACTIVISTS • REPEATED PROTESTS • DECISION MAKING ABILITY • AVOID / MINIMIZE EXPERIMENTATION • CONSEQUENTIALIST JUSTIFICATION (comparing the moral consequences of an experiment DOING or NOT DOING) KISHORE

  5. . CONTROVERSIES. ETHICS . EMERGING ISSUES . NEW CHALLENGES

  6. CONTROVERSIES • PAIN, SUFFERING, DISCOMFORT • PAIN RELIEVER MAY INTERACT WITH DRUG • IRRATIONAL ABUSE • UNNECESSARY REPLICATIONS • INDISCRIMINATE NUMBER KISHORE

  7. ETHICS • MORAL STATUS - (HUMANS = ANIMALS) • SPECIESISM(like racism) (inflicting pain on human/animal is equally wrong) • ETHICAL SELF-EXAMINATION (self-analysis of one's own personal and scientific motives) • ETHICAL REVIEWS & AUDIT KISHORE

  8. EMERGING ISSUES • METABOLIC TESTS • TOXICITY TESTS • EFFICACY TESTS • CARCINOGENIC TESTS • LD 50TOXICITY TEST BANNED KISHORE

  9. EMERGING ISSUES • PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS ACT, 1960 • WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT, 1972 • UGC GUIDELINES 2011DISCONTINUATION OF DISSECTION AND EXPERIMENTS ON LIVE ANIMALS IN A PHASED MANNER • MOEF GUIDELINES 2012 • NGO’S - PFA, PETA, SPCA etc KISHORE

  10. NEW CHALLENGES • ALTERNATE MODES FOR DISSECTION AND EXPERIMENTATION • DIGITAL / PLASTINATED SPECIMENS • DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVES TO USE OF ANIMALS IN PG EDUCATION KISHORE

  11. 4 R’s RUSSELL & BURCH - 1959 • REDUCTION • REFINEMENT • REPLACEMENT • REHABILITATION KISHORE

  12. ALTERNATIVES • CDs, COMPUTER SIMULATIONS, MANNEKIN / MODEL, INVITRO METHODS • AUTOPSY, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES, TISSUE CULTURES, IN SILICO TESTS • COMPUTERS ARE UNABLE TO MODEL ALL INTERACTIONS MAKING ANIMAL RESEARCH NECESSARY IN MANY AREAS KISHORE

  13. REMEDIES • ONLY MEDICINAL PURPOSES • NO COSMETICS TESTING • JUSTIFIED CIRCUMSTANCES • UNNECESSORY SACRIFICE • BEST EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS • EUTHANASIA KISHORE

  14. COSMETICS • TESTING BANNED IN EUROPE • LEAPING BUNNY LOGO OTHER AREAS • LEATHER Vs JUTE BAGS • NON VEG / VEG / VEAGEN KISHORE

  15. ? • FOCUSSED CRITICAL THINKING • IS AND WILL BE AN ONGOING PROCESS • CHANGING ATTITUDES OF PEOPLE • MORAL STRESS - EUTHANASIA • CLEAR ALL ETHICAL DILEMMAS • BROADER PERSPECTIVE • HOLISTIC APPROACH KISHORE

  16. ? ? • SCIENTIFIC BASIS • ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS, REGULATIONS • STRICT ANIMAL ETHICS COMMITTEES • NON SCIENTIFIC SOCIAL MEMBER • TRANSPARENCY KISHORE

  17. CONCLUSION • NECESSARY EVIL • INDISPENSIBLE & INEVITABLE • HELPFUL FOR FURTHERING MEDICAL SCIENCE KISHORE

  18. ?? ? • INITIALLY ON HUMANS • HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS • ANIMALS • ANIMAL RIGHTS ACTIVISTS • HUMANS AGAIN (WITH CONSENT) ? ? ? ? KISHORE

  19. pvskishore_1963@yahoo.com THANQ KISHORE

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