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Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions. Substance are converted to new substances Shown with an equation Reactants on left Products on right Reactant + Reactant  Product + Product 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O +  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2. Energy of Reactions. Energy is required to start a chemical reaction

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Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chemical Reactions • Substance are converted to new substances • Shown with an equation • Reactants on left • Products on right Reactant + Reactant  Product + Product • 6CO2 + 6H2O + C6H12O6 + 6O2

  2. Energy of Reactions • Energy is required to start a chemical reaction • Activation energy: minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products • Some reactions have such a high activation energy that they would never happen

  3. Catalysts • Catalysts: substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction • They do not get used up • They do not increase the products • There are different catalysts for different reactions • By lowering the activation energy they speed up the reaction!

  4. Enzymes • Enzymes are special proteins that are biological catalysts • They speed up reactions in the body and do not get used up.

  5. Enzyme Substrate Complex Substrate: molecule the enzyme work with (reactants) The substrate attaches to the enzyme at the active site. Each enzyme and substrate are SPECIFIC to each other. They fit together perfectly like a lock and key

  6. Factors affecting enzyme activity • Since the enzyme must fit perfectly with the substrate if the enzyme loses it shape it wont work correctly anymore • Two factors that can make an enzyme change its shape • Temperature & pH • Denatured: when an enzyme loses its shape

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