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History of Matter. The Ancient Greek Philosophers. The Ancient Greek Philosophers. Democritus (420BC) – atoms are indestructible and have always been and always will be in motion. There are infinite numbers of atoms of different shapes and sizes.
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The Ancient Greek Philosophers Democritus (420BC) – atoms are indestructible and have always been and always will be in motion. There are infinite numbers of atoms of different shapes and sizes. Aristotle (350BC) – Matter consists of 4 elements
The Middle Ages Alchemists (~1300-1500AD) – Scientists attempt to turn matter into gold (commissioned by kings and queens) Antoine Lavoisier (~1780’s) – discovered 23 elements to replace the known view from the Greeks. Law of Definite Properties – compounds are pure substances that contain two or more elements combined together in fixed proportions.
The “Modern” Atomic Theory John Dalton (~1808) – The Atomic Theory The Atomic Theory 1. All matter is made of small particles called atoms 2. Atoms cannot be created, destroyed or divided into smaller particles 3. All atoms of the same element are identical in mass and size, but they are different in mass and size from the atoms of other elements 4. Compounds are created when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions
Test Your Chemistry Intuition • On the following two pages of your notes, start with YOUR OWN definition of the words Atom, Element, Molecule, and Compound. • Next, use a textbook to check if you were right. • Then, apply your new understanding to answer the remaining questions.
