Chapter 21 Adolescence- A Time of Change Lesson 2 Practicing Abstinence Group 3: Shelly-Ann Brown Diana Itacy

1. Chapter 21 Adolescence- A Time of Change Lesson 2 Practicing Abstinence Group 3: Shelly-Ann Brown Diana Itacy Latasha Moore

2. WELCOME! Dr. Chen's 8th Grade Class

3. Why Tell You About Abstinence! • The pressure begins at this age level • The likelihood of teenagers having intercourse increases steadily with age • Providing information now can give you insight to make the decision to choose abstinence

4. Overview of Topics • Defintions • Peer Pressure • Negative Consequences of Sexual Activity • Practicing Abstinence

5. Definitions • Abstinence- the conscious decision to avoid harmful behaviors, including sexual activity before marriage and the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs • Priorities- things that are first in importance • Sexually transmitted disease- an infectious disease that is spread from person to person through sexual contact

6. Definitions • Self-control- a person’s ability to use responsibility

7. Influences on Decision to Become Sexually Active • Peer Pressure • Physical attractiveness • Sense of belonging • Curiosity • Media videos, magazines, music etc.

8. Peer Pressure • Background Information • Effect on adolescence • Gender Differences • How males and females respond differently • Methods to Overcome Peer Pressure • How you can resist the pressure

9. Adolescence and Peer Pressure • Teens begin to separate from parents and confide in peers • Start to feel the social pressures from peers to become sexually active • Teens use a sex as a way of searching for their values attitudes and styles of behavior

10. Adolescence and Peer Pressure • Teens look at peer groups to set rules for correct social behavior • Many behave in ways the group approves of to feel they belong • Listen to peers talk and feel left out if they do not start

11. Adolescence and Peer Pressure • Overall, despite different reasons why teens become sexually active, peer pressure acts as the important influence that encourages teens to become sexually active

12. How Males and Females Respond to Peer Pressure • Adolescent females and males report similar perceptions • Males are more likely to submit to peer influence • Females are more discrete • For females it is more of a emotional and mental process

13. How to Avoid/Overcome Peer Pressure • Learn to understand your own personality and become independent to make effective decisions • Take time to think about how you feel and believe about the situation • Have confidence in your own feelings, beliefs, values, preferences, abilities and limits • Join organizations peer groups that share the same values and interests as you

14. Negative Consequences of Sexual Activity • Sexually transmitted diseases • Unplanned pregnancy • Loss of self-respect • Negative effect on relationships

15. Sexually Transmitted Disease • An infectious disease that is spread from person to person through sexual contact. • Every 1 in 4 sexually experienced teens acquire an STD (Alan Guttmacher Institute, 1999) • Chlamydia and gonorrhea are two STDs that are common for teens to acquire. STD video clip

16. Sexually Transmitted Disease • Chlamydia • can be passed through vaginal, oral and anal sex • Symptoms include: inflamed urethra, vaginal discharge (women), pain during intercourse and urination • If untreated can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and sterility

17. Pictures of Chlamydia Source: www.askjeeves.com

18. Sexually Transmitted Disease • Gonorrhea • like chlamydia, can be passed through vaginal, oral or anal sex • Symptoms include: bleeding during intercourse (women), painful urination, secretion from genitals • If untreated can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, which leads to sterility

19. Unplanned Pregnancy • Prevalence in the United States • Sociological and psychological effects • Health risks for teen mother and baby

20. Unplanned Pregnancy • Each year, almost 1 million teenage women become pregnant • The rate has declined 17% in the United States, but is still high compared to other developed countries (AGI, 1999) • 78% of teen pregnancies are unplanned • 56% ended in birth while others were aborted or miscarried (See graph)

21. Teen Pregnancy Outcomes CHART --Source: Henshaw SK, (reference 20), Table 1

22. Unplanned Pregnancy • Sociological and psychological effects • Teens mothers are not as ready than older women • Less likely to receive child support from biological father • Less likely to establish independence and financial security adequate to provide for themselves and child

23. Unplanned Pregnancy • Health risks for mother and baby • Higher rates illness and death for mother and baby • Higher risk for complications such as anemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension premature delivery • 2 to 6 six times for infant to be low-birth weight

24. Negative Consequences of Sexual Activity • Loss of self-respect • Risk of being called “sexually easy” • Compromising values and beliefs • Feelings of guilt and regret if caught by parents or something bad happens

25. Negative Consequences of Sexual Activity • Negative effect on relationships • Complicate your relationship with partner • Shown to tear relationships apart rather than bring them together • May find it difficult to have new and relationships in the future • Complicate relationship with parents

26. Practice Abstinence • Reasons for practicing abstinence • Methods of incorporating abstinence

27. Practicing Abstinence • Reasons to practice abstinence • Avoid contracting an STD • Avoid unplanned pregnancy • Maintain self-respect and self-esteem • 100% effective method of birth control

28. Practicing Abstinence • Methods to incorporate abstinence • Set priorities in life • Setting limits • Communicating • Avoid high-pressure situations

29. Practicing Abstinence • Setting priorities in life • Find things that are most important to you in your life • Establish goals and career plans so that you can accomplish • The best contraceptive for young teens is a real future

30. Practicing Abstinence • Setting limits • Basis on how far you will go • Set these limits to how your goals are planned in life • Set these limits in advance

31. Practicing Abstinence • Communicating • Boyfriend/Girlfriend • Share your priorities and limits to your partner • Be honest about your feelings and moral judgements • If communication is unlikely, then the relationship is not mature

32. Practicing Abstinence • Communicating (cont.) • Trusted adult • Discussing feeling and concerns with adults can be helpful • They may offer suggestions on certain situations • They have been through adolescence too

33. Practicing Abstinence • High-Pressure Situations • Peer Pressure • Friends sometimes have the wrong intentions in mind • Don't allow alcohol and/or drugs to cloud your judgment • Use wishful thinking

34. Practicing Abstinence • Safety in Numbers • Use the buddy system when going out • Avoid being alone for long time periods

35. Practicing Abstinence • Re-Evaluating • Decisions to keep you abstinent • Avoid situations that would cause you to become sexually active • If sexually active, evaluate reasons to become abstinent

36. Contraceptives  • Condoms • Latex condoms are the only form of contraception that is highly effective in protecting against sexually transmitted infections including HIV • If used correctly, condoms can prevent unwanted pregnancies and STD's

37. Contraceptives  • Birth Control Pills • Prescribed synthetic hormone pills that fool the body into thinking it's pregnant • Must be taken everyday

38. Overview of Topics • Peer Pressure • How it influences decision and behavior • Negative Consequences of Sexual Activity • The possible outcomes if you engage • Practicing Abstinence • Benefits and how to practice

39. Community Resources • Planned Parenthood www.plannedparenthood.org • The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnacy www.teenpregnacy.org • Teen Health www.kidshealth.org/teen/

40. Remember ! The safest sex is ABSTINENCE!

41. Jeopardy!