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Research Methods Chapter 1

Research Methods Chapter 1. Introduction. Science. Not based on content of an area Way of studying or learning Psychology “soft science”. Sources of Knowledge. Superstition / Intuition Tenacity / Authority Rationalism Empiricism. Systematic Empiricism.

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Research Methods Chapter 1

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  1. Research Methods Chapter 1 Introduction

  2. Science • Not based on content of an area • Way of studying or learning • Psychology • “soft science”

  3. Sources of Knowledge • Superstition / Intuition • Tenacity / Authority • Rationalism • Empiricism

  4. Systematic Empiricism • Based on systematic and objective recordings of behavior • Systematic not random or capricious • Verifiable by others  presentations, journals • Replicable • Empirically solvable problems

  5. Types of Research • Basic • For sake of knowledge • Can lead to solutions • Applied • For sake of solving problem • Practical significance

  6. Goals • Description • Careful observations & describing beh • Prediction • Discovering relationships among var • Explanation • Discovering cause and effect among var • Control • Application of information

  7. Descriptive Methods • Observational • Naturalistic observation”wild” • Laboratory controlled situations • Case Study • In-depth study of one or more persons • Survey • Obtaining attitudes and opinions • Asking questions

  8. Predictive Methods • Correlational Method • Assesses whether a relationship exists • When a change in one variable is accompanied by a consistent change in the other variable • Quasi-Experimental Method • Compares differences between groups that already exists • Subject or Participant VariableNo manipulation (No IV) • Caution interpreting results NO CAUSE AND EFFECT

  9. Explanatory Method • Experimental method • Describe and predict • Explain cause and effect relationships between variables • Control of variables • Independent variable manipulated • Confound variable might explain results / alternative factors influencing beh (DV)

  10. Characteristics of Experiment • Experimental Group exposed to one level of the IV • Control Group  no IV exposure • Random assignment to groups • Purpose is to make groups equal as possible with the only exception being the IV • Measure DV

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