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The South and the Abolitionist Movement: Cotton, Slavery, and the Road to Civil War

This chapter explores the critical role of cotton as the dominant Southern crop, the powerful planter class, and its influence on the Civil War. It discusses the early abolition movement's efforts to relocate freed African Americans to West Africa, which ultimately failed, and highlights significant figures like Harriet Beecher Stowe and Frederick Douglass. The chapter also examines Nat Turner's Rebellion and various Northern and Southern reactions to slavery and abolition. The tension between maintaining slavery and the push for abolition shaped American society in the antebellum era.

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The South and the Abolitionist Movement: Cotton, Slavery, and the Road to Civil War

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  1. Chapter 16 The South and the Abolition / Slavery Controversy

  2. ________________ • _____________= __________________ Cotton = Dominant Southern crop Eclipsing _________________________ South – produced more than half the entire world’s supply of cotton South – VERY powerful (______________) “Cotton is KING” If Civil War breaks out…..

  3. The Planter “Aristocracy” Antebellum America = no __________ but an oligarchy (_____________) = _____________ Effect: *Widens the gap between the _______________ _______________– Southern elite author Accused of starting the Civil War by ___________ “____________________”

  4. Early Abolition Movement • The ________________started with the ________________________________________________________________________________________ • Note: • Goal: Move African Americans to ___________on the West Africa coast. • It failed because • _____________________________ • _____________________________

  5. ________________(1852) *Written by “_______________________” (abolitionist) • - stirred up STRONG reactions from the North and South • Underlying point of book: slavery is not just a ____________contest, but also a great ____________struggle! • Book attacked the South “_____________________________________________” - ___________________________regarding Harriet Beecher Stowe on Civil War

  6. Abolitionists • ____________________ *Published the “___________” to the Colored Citizens of the World - literature passed around the South • Spoke of “standing up and fighting for your freedom as a slave” (Don’t wait on emancipation…. FIGHT for it) (D.W. = Don’t walk…RUN!)

  7. Nat Turner’s Rebellion • Considered the “__________________” slave rebellion • Followed “DAVID WALKER’S ideas” • __________________–a preacher born into slavery in 1800 in Virginia • Saw an eclipse in the sky (divine message) to free slaves • Attacked 4 plantations with 80 followers (killed 60 white people) • Nat Turner – hid, found, tried, hanged MOST SIGNIFICANT WHITE REACTION: - tighten up on “_____________________” and security

  8. Slavery and Abolition ****** ____________________****** (ABOLITIONIST) • Blamed for ____________________and had a bounty for His arrest Goal: an ______________“emancipation / abolition” of slavery with no payment to the slaver owner! • Started his own newspaper called ****___________________*** – spoke of ways to end slavery- *Published on __________________________ Duration: 30 years Famous Cry: __________________ Also founded the “______________________________________” July 4, 1854 - publically burned a copy of the Declaration of Independence Problem: ____________________________________!

  9. ___________________ • traveled throughout the country speaking of abolition - spoke of women’s rights at conventions - “Ain’t I a Woman” • Very famous speech that granted applause from men

  10. Frederick Douglass • An escaped slave (1838) that supported Garrison and The Liberator • Famous Autobiography = ____________________________________________ • Famous Newspaper = ____________________________ • Lecturer or Orator at the American Anti-Slavery Society conventions. • Wrote his own newspaper: ******The North Star******

  11. Underground Railroad • Secret network of people that helped escaped slaves into the North!!! (CANADA) ______________

  12. Slave Owners DEFEND Slavery (1) Slave Owners __________________(conversion and dedication to a relationship with __________) (2) Myth of a ________________/ happy addition to the plantation family / food /shelter…etc. (3) Abolitionists would SWAMP Congress with anti-slavery petitions and Southern representatives countered by securing a “____________” – __________________________________– repealed years later (4) ________________________________ (5) _________________________________ NORTHER REACTION TO SLAVERY (1) Still dependant on cotton industry – wants to quiet he abolitionist movement (2) Slavery should not be abolished…but prevent the spread of it • Remember: Wilmot Proviso Birth of the Free-Soil Party (Most Noted: Lincoln)

  13. Assignment Read p. 367-368 to analyze the reaction and impact of the abolitionist movement in the North and the South Format: T Chart (bullets) ABOLITION IMPACT North: _______________________________________ South:

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