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Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue

Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue. Types, Coverings, & Gross Anatomy. Types of Muscle Tissue. Skeletal Muscle Attach to and cover the bony skeleton Has longest fibers Have stripes  striations Voluntary muscle – subject to our conscious control

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Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue

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  1. Chapter 9Muscles and Muscle Tissue Types, Coverings, & Gross Anatomy

  2. Types of Muscle Tissue • Skeletal Muscle • Attach to and cover the bony skeleton • Has longest fibers • Have stripes  striations • Voluntary muscle – subject to our conscious control • Can contract rapidly, but tires easily; adaptable

  3. Types of Muscle Tissue • Cardiac Muscle • In the heart  most of the mass of heart walls. • Striated – intercalated discs • Involuntary muscle • Contracts at a fairly steady rate

  4. Types of Muscle Tissue • Smooth Muscle • Wall of hollow visceral organs (stomach, urinary bladder, resp passages) • No striations • Involuntary muscle • Contractions are slow and sustained

  5. Functions of Skeletal Muscles • Produces movement • Skeletal muscle contractions pull on tendons and moves the bones of the skeleton • Maintains posture • Tension in our skeletal muscles maintains body posture • Example: holding your head up, standing • Generates heat • Generate heat as they contract • Important in maintaining normal body temperature • Released through integumentary system • Stabilizes joints • Tendons of muscles extend over the joint

  6. Skeletal Muscle – Gross AnatomyConnective Tissue Wrappings • Epimysium (“outside the muscle) • Surrounds the entire muscle • Composed of dense irregular connective tissue

  7. Skeletal Muscle – Gross AnatomyConnective Tissue Wrappings • Perimysium(middle) • Surround the fascicles • Fascicles – bundles of muscle fibers

  8. Skeletal Muscle – Gross AnatomyConnective Tissue Wrappings • Endomysium (“within the muscle”) • Surrounds individual muscle fibers

  9. Skeletal Muscle – Gross AnatomyTendons • Attach muscle to bones • Collagen fibers from all the coverings are interwoven with the periosteum and extend into the bone matrix, providing a firm attachment • Any contraction of the muscle will pull on its tendon thereby exerting a pull on the bone

  10. Skeletal Muscle – Gross AnatomyNerves • Skeletal muscles can only contact with stimulation from the CNS • Nerves are seen throughout each layer of muscle • Generally served by only one nerve

  11. Skeletal Muscle – Gross AnatomyBlood Supply • Generally served by one artery and by one or more veins. • Contracting muscle fibers use huge amounts of energy and give off large amounts of metabolic wastes  need a continuous supply of blood!

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