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What is disability?

What is disability?. Ros Madden. 1. UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

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What is disability?

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  1. What is disability? Ros Madden 1

  2. UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ‘Persons with disabilities include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.’ Article 1

  3. Body function & structure(Impairment) Activities (Limitation) Participation (Restriction) Environmental Factors Personal Factors ICF: Interaction of concepts Health Condition (disorder/disease) 3

  4. Functioning and disability Functioning encompasses all human functions; at the level of the body, the individual and society Functioning and disability: multi-dimensional experiences resulting from the interaction between people’s health conditions and their physical, social and attitudinal environment ICF-CY 2007: derived classification for children and youth (additional text and examples) 4

  5. How do health conditions play out in the context of children’s lives? Examples A school child with quadriplegia A child with cerebral palsy So … Diagnosis tells only part of the story ‘Functioning’ reflects how people live 5

  6. In 2003 • About 1 in 12 children (317,900) aged 14 and under in Australia had a disability • And about half of these needed additional assistance with self care, mobility and/or communication AIHW 2005 6

  7. Children with disabilities, Australia 2003 (AIHW 2005) 7

  8. In developing countries • Between 14% and 35% of children screened positive in most participating countries. UNICEF MICS results • ‘…more than 200 million children under 5 years fail to reach their potential in cognitive development because of poverty, poor health and nutrition, and deficient care… Most of these children live in south Asia or sub-Saharan Africa’ Grantham-McGregor et al 2007

  9. References and links UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/about.shtml WHO 2001: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health http://www.who.int http://www.aihw.gov.au/disability/icf/index.cfm Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) 2005. Disability updates: Children with disabilities. Bulletin 42. AIHW Cat No. AUS 19. Canberra: AIHW http://www.aihw.gov.au/publications/aus/bulletin42/bulletin42.pdf Grantham McGregor S, Cheung YB, Glewwe P, Richter L, Strupp B, International Child Development Steering Group. 2007 Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries. Lancet 2007:369:60-70 9

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