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Child Psychological First Aid: Trauma Consultation Stages

Learn the stages of trauma consultation for children exposed to violence, including opening, reliving, coping, and closure. Adapted from "Psychological First Aid and Treatment Approach to Children Exposed to Community Violence."

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Child Psychological First Aid: Trauma Consultation Stages

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  1. Psychological First Aid

  2. Symptoms and Psychological First AidPreschool through Second Grade Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  3. Symptoms and Psychological First AidPreschool through Second Grade Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  4. Symptoms and Psychological First AidThird through Fifth Grade Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  5. Symptoms and Psychological First AidThird through Fifth Grade Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  6. Symptoms and Psychological First AidThird through Fifth Grade Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  7. Symptoms and Psychological First AidAdolescents (Sixth Grade and Up) Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  8. Symptoms and Psychological First AidAdolescents (Sixth Grade and Up) Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  9. Initial ConsultationFirst Stage: Opening • Establish the focus • Free drawing and storytelling • Traumatic reference Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  10. Initial ConsultationSecond Stage: Trauma • Reliving the experience • - Emotional release • - Reconstruction • - Perceptual experience • - Special detailing • - Worst moment • - Violence / physical mutilation Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  11. Initial ConsultationSecond Stage: Trauma • Coping with the experience • - Issues of human accountability • - Inner plans of action • - Punishment or retaliation • - Fears of counter-retaliation • - Challenge to child’s impulse control • - Influence of previous trauma • - Traumatic dreams • - Future orientation • - Current Stresses Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

  12. Initial ConsultationThird Stage: Closure • Recapitulation • Underscore realistic fears • Universalize the child’s responses • Describe expectable course • Acknowledge child’s courage in undertaking the interview • Invite child critique of consultation • Proper leave-taking Adapted from: Pynoos RS, Nader K: (1988) Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1: 445-473.

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