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Writing a Behavior Plan

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Writing a Behavior Plan

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    1. Writing a Behavior Plan

    3. Behavior Plans: The Basics What is a behavior plan? How does a behavior plan differ from other interventions? (i.e. FBA, PBS, counseling) When is it appropriate to use a behavior plan? Are behavior plans fair to the other students?

    4. Why Use Behavior Plans? Advantages Disadvantages Teacher’s role Most important Hard work but worth it

    5. Definitions Reinforcement Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement Punishment (consequences) Target behavior Alternative behavior Baseline

    6. Step 1: Identify the Target Behavior Observable & measurable terms (operationalize it) Be specific Ex: Tommy hits and kicks peers during non-structured school times. Non-Ex: Tommy is mean to his friends. Try some!

    7. Step 2: Baseline the Target Behavior Note patterns and possible causes Document frequency, duration, intensity of the behavior Pay attention to “triggers” and “setting events” (setting, time of day, after visits with Mom) Consider what the student gets out of it

    8. Step 3: Identify an Alternative Behavior Put in observable & measurable terms Be specific Should be impossible to do the target behavior and alternative behavior at the same time Worded positively Ex: Tommy will keep his hands to himself during recess, music, art, and lunch. Non-ex: Tommy will stop being mean to his friends. Try some!

    9. Step 4: Identify Reinforcers & Punishers Get the student’s input! Think about what has been effective in the past Consider what is acceptable & available Consider offering a menu (reward deck) The punishment can be the absence of the reinforcement Avoid always using material reinforcers

    10. Step 5: Create Goals Consider time frames appropriate to the student’s needs Early goals should be easily attainable Consider short and long-term goals associated with rewards Get student input!

    11. Step 6: Make a Pretty Chart Put it in writing Get student’s help Decide how you will indicate positive behaviors See examples

    13. Step 7: Implement the Plan Document appropriate behaviors Give reinforcements & punishments within agreed upon terms Do not give reminders (unless it is in your plan)

    14. Step 8: Re-evaluate the Plan Re-evaluate after a fair trial period The behaviors will often get worse before they get better Consider loopholes the student found ? Make modifications to the plan and run another fair trial period Try it again!

    15. Key Points: GET STUDENT INPUT! Pair positive reinforcement with punishment Use the mildest effective punishment Do not deprive a student of opportunities for social or academic skill building (ex: removing recess can lead to bigger problems) Over time reinforcers and punishers can lose their effects

    16. Common Pitfalls Not considering whether the student can consistently suppress an undesired behavior, even if he is highly motivated. Designing rewards without determining if they motivate that particular student. Trying to deal with too much at one time. Not having measurable responses. Setting inappropriate goals.

    17. More Pitfalls Not using immediate reinforcers initially. Not changing the reinforcers. Stopping the program too early. Trying to change the child instead of the environment. Keeping a child in a program when they can’t comply with it.

    18. What’s Wrong?

    19. Questions? Thank You! Direct follow-up questions to Dr. Gay.

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