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Understanding Eye Movements and Reading: A Functional Neuroanatomy Tutorial

This tutorial explores the functional neuroanatomy of vision and eye movements, focusing on a microcircuit model of the frontal eye fields (FEF) and a biologically realistic cortical model for controlling eye movement during reading. It highlights how reading is integrated into sensorimotor actions and discusses ongoing research into the neural mechanisms behind reading and eye movements. Key features include visual processing in the macaque cortex, dynamics of saccades, and handling of reading ambiguities. The outline provides a pathway for understanding interactions within visual and neurological systems during reading tasks.

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Understanding Eye Movements and Reading: A Functional Neuroanatomy Tutorial

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  1. Reading in the Brain Jakob Heinzle (Berlin) andKevan Martin and K.H. (Zürich)

  2. Outline • Tutorial on thefunctionalneuroanatomyofvisionandeye-movements. • Microcircuit model ofthe frontal eyefields. • Biologicallyrealisticcortical model ofeyemovementcontrol in reading. • Work in progress.

  3. Cortex (man, lefthemisphere)

  4. Cortex (macaque, lefthemisphere)

  5. Visual areas in the macaque cortex

  6. Neurons in thefelineprimaryvisualcortex V1

  7. Microcircuit in V1

  8. Eye musclesandmotoneuron

  9. Descendingpathwaysforsaccades

  10. Reading enlargesthelanguagerepresentation in thecortex

  11. Eye movementsduringreading

  12. FEF model forsaccades

  13. Completenetworkarchitecture

  14. Interactions: B excitatory, A inhibitory

  15. MathBox

  16. Network activityfor a visualsaccade

  17. More complexsaccadetasksaresuccessfullyimplemented

  18. FEF model naturallyincorporatesreading

  19. FEF model duringreading

  20. Implementationofthereadingrule

  21. Normal readingandwordskipping

  22. Reading statistics

  23. Error statistics

  24. Question: whathappens in thebrain„behindtheeye“duringreading ? • ? • ?? • ??? • Manyunsolvedproblems: Language, consiousness Simplification in theworldoftextprocessing: Reading imbedded in sensorimotoractions

  25. Copy-Paste between a Pdf-fileand a Powerpoint slide: Instructions • Click on the Adobe buttom. Go tothepagecontainingFigure 1. Enlargetheimage, byclicking on thearrow on therightofthewhitewindowandselecting 100%. Center theimage. • Click on ‚Werkzeuge‘ on thesecond Adobe control bar. Move to ‚Auswählen und Zoomen‘ andfollowthearrowintothecontextwindow down to ‚Schnappschuss-Werkzeug‘. • Move thecrossofthepointertotheleftuppercornerofFigure 1. Press theleftmousebuttom, moveittotherightlowercornerandletgo. • Change toPowerpoint,byclicking on itscontrolbuttom. Point intotheslideand type ‚Ctrl+V‘. Click intoFigure 1 andcenterit in thecontentfield. Type ‚Architectureofthe FEF model‘ in the title field. • Click on ‚Neue Folie‘. Move to Adobe Click on the ‚Single Page‘ button on theuppercontrol bar andgotothepagecontainingFigure 2. Repeat the same steps, withouthavingtochangeagainintothe ‚Schnappschuss-Werkzeug‘.

  26. Nur jedem das Seine (BWV 163) Nur jedem das Seine! Muss Obrigkeit haben Zoll, Steuern und Gaben, Man weigre sich nicht Der schuldigen Pflicht! Doch bleibet das Herze dem Höchsten alleine.

  27. Gott soll allein mein Herze haben (BWV 169) Stirb in mir, Welt und alle deine Liebe, Dass die Brust Sich auf Erden für und für In der Liebe Gottes übe; Stirb in mir, Hoffahrt, Reichtum, Augenlust, Ihr verworfnen Fleischestriebe!

  28. Pointers • J Heinzle, K Hepp, K Martin „A microcircuit model ofthe frontal eyefields“. J Neuroscience 27:9341 (2007). www.ini.uzh.ch/~jakob/code/FEF_Demo.zip • J Heinzle, K Hepp, K Martin „A biologicallyrealisticcortical model ofeyemovementcontrol in reading“. Psychological Review 117:808 (2010). www.ini.uzh.ch/~jakob/code/FEF_READ.zip • Folien: khepp@phys.ethz.ch

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