Geography Unit 1

1. Geography Unit 1 The Basics

2. Continents & Oceans Map Write in the names of the seven continents and five oceans in the correct locations Arctic Ocean Europe North America Asia Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Middle & South America Africa Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean Atlantic Ocean Oceania Southern Ocean Antarctica

3. Geographers • Geography The study of the Earth • Study • Natural features • Land, sea, sky • How people interact with the world • Forests, water, minerals • Populations and where people live • Tools • Maps • Many different kinds • Example: Physical Features

4. The Geographic Setting • What is a Map? • Diagrams what things are where • Absolute location: the precise location of something • Examples? • Relative location: location of a place as compared to another • Examples? • Why are there different kinds of maps? • To show different information & to limit distortion

5. Mapping Problems • Mapping Problems • Distortion (the change): Map = 2D, Earth = 3D • Changing the size or position of Earth’s features to fit on a map • Fix it? • Globe • Map Projections (what it is changed to)

6. Compass Rose • Cardinal Directionsnorth, south, east, west • Intermediate Directionsnortheast, southeast, southwest,northwest • Help to describe relative location

7. Religions Legend Map Legends • Key for “unlocking” the secrets of the Map

8. Can you understand this legend?

9. Latitude and Longitude • The earth is divided into lots of lines called latitude and longitude.

10. Lines • Longitude lines run north and south. • Latitude lines run east and west. • The lines measure distances in degrees. Latitude Longitude

11. Where is 0 degree? • The equator is 0 degree latitude. • It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. Equator

12. P R I M E M E R I D I A N Where is 0 degree? • The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.

13. Map Scale • What does it mean “to scale” something? • A direct connection between measurement on map and actual distance • Example: 1 inch on map = 1 mile on Earth

14. Scale

15. Hemispheres • 4 hemispheres, divided using the Prime Meridian and the Equator • North, South, East, and West.

17. Round World on a Flat Map • Distortionsbc 3D on a 2D plane, some places or distances are distorted

18. Earth & Sun Video: Why do we have season?

19. Bell RingerGive abs. loc. for stars

20. 5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

21. Location • Where is it? • Absolute location • Latitude & Longitude • Relative location • Location in relation to other places • Where is Bensenville?

22. Place • What is it like there? a. General description of the place b. What does it look like?

23. Human/Environment Interaction • How do people relate with it? a. Climate (hurricanes, tsunamis, earthquakes, drought, global warming) b. Migration patterns c. Pollution d. Poaching, overhunting, overfishing e. Cutting down trees or building roads

24. Movement • What moves through it? a. People, goods, ideas b. Cultural diffusion: the spread of customs or ideas • Examples a. Europeans to Americas b. Asia to Europe

25. Region • What are the common characteristics of this area? a. Government b. Language c. Religion & culture d. Landforms & natural resources e. Death/birth rates, life expectancy, literacy, population density